Backtrace

Revision 18 as of 2007-01-28 05:08:30

Clear message

A backtrace shows a listing of which program functions are still active. Since functions are nested when they are called, the program must record where it left one function, to jump into an inner one. It does this on the stack, which we dump for the backtrace,

By getting a backtrace at the point of a bug, a developer may be able to isolate where that bug is, because it will narrow down to the function, or even the line, that caused the erroneous behaviour.

Generation

Please ensure you have packages with debug symbols installed. You can do this by following the instructions at DebuggingProgramCrash.

  1. Make sure the GNU Debugger is installed. 

    sudo apt-get install gdb

  2. Start the program under control of gdb: 

    gdb <program> 2>&1 | tee gdb-<program>.txt
(gdb) handle SIG33 pass nostop noprint
(gdb) set pagination 0
(gdb) run <arguments, if any>
  3. The program will start. Perform any actions necessary to reproduce the crash

  4. Retrieve a backtrace of the crash: 

    (gdb) backtrace
(gdb) info registers
(gdb) thread apply all backtrace

  5. Attach the complete output from GDB, contained in gdb-<program>.txt, in your bug report.

Already running programs

You can ask GDB to attach to a program that's already running. This is useful for debugging things that start up, but crash when you perform a particular task.

  1. Make sure the GNU Debugger is installed. 

    sudo apt-get install gdb

  2. Find the process ID of <program>: 

    pidof <program>

  3. Start gdb: 

    gdb 2>&1 | tee gdb-<program>.txt
(gdb) handle SIG33 pass nostop noprint
(gdb) set pagination 0
(gdb) attach <PID>

  4. Continue the <program>: 

    (gdb) continue
  5. The program will continue running. Perform any actions necessary to reproduce the crash

  6. Retrieve a backtrace of the crash: 

    (gdb) backtrace
(gdb) info registers
(gdb) thread apply all backtrace

  7. Attach the complete output from GDB, contained in gdb-<program>.txt, in your bug report.

Note that you can also set logging to a file like this: 

(gdb) set logging file gdb-<program>.txt
(gdb) set logging on

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