RestrictedFormats
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| [wiki:RestrictedFormats/Talk Discussion] ## when talking about installing packages, merely mention the package name, without a method. ||<tablestyle="float:right; font-size: 0.9em; width:40%; background:#F1F1ED; margin: 0 0 1em 1em;" style="padding:0.5em;">'''Contents'''[[BR]][[TableOfContents]]|| Ubuntu strives to make every piece of software available under the licensing terms laid out in the [http://www.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/licensing Ubuntu License Policy]. Patent and copyright restrictions complicate the ability of a free operating system to distribute software that will support proprietary or non-free formats. Ubuntu's commitment to only include completely free software by default means that proprietary media formats are not configured 'out of the box'. This page will show you how to enable support for the most popular non-free media formats. If all of this seems like a lot of work to get non-free media playback up and running, please remember that Ubuntu is limited by patents and license restrictions in some countries. Look to the future and make sure that "Digital Rights Management" (DRM, aka "Digital Restrictions Management") and similar restrictions are carefully monitored by you, the open source community and free software users. See Ubuntu's [http://www.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/philosophy Free Software Philosophy] and the FreeFormats page for a more comprehensive discussion of these issues. '''Legal Notice''' ''Patent and copyright laws operate differently depending on which country you are in. Please obtain legal advice if you are unsure whether a particular patent or restriction applies to a media format you wish to use in your country.'' [[BR]] == Before You Start == * You must have [:RootSudo:administrative privileges] to install packages. * See [:InstallingSoftware#head-82ee502162e81ddca57bfba9281ad97c39fd7fbe:Installing Software] for instructions about how to install software in Ubuntu. * Make sure you have enabled the [:Repositories/Ubuntu#what:Universe and Multiverse repositories]. [[BR]] See [:Repositories/Kubuntu:Managing Repositories in Kubuntu] for help with this. * Some software on this page is in repositories not controlled by Ubuntu. Please do not file bugs about proprietary media players like ''Real''''''Player'' or packages like ''w32codecs''. [[BR]] [[Anchor(short)]] == How to Make Things Work in a Hurry == * '''Kubuntu 6.06 (Dapper Drake) & Kubuntu 6.10 (Edgy Eft)''' * libxine-extracodecs * libarts1-mpeglib * libarts1-xine * libakode2-mpeg * w32codecs (Note: to enable w32codecs, see the [#w32codecs w32codecs section]) [[BR]] [[Anchor(defaultplayers)]] == The Kubuntu Media Players == * '''Kubuntu 6.06 LTS''' and '''Kubuntu 6.10''' include [:MultimediaApplications#kaffeine:Kaffeine] (a multimedia player) and [:MultimediaApplications#amarok:AmaroK] (a music player) These media players support free formats (Ogg Vorbis, Ogg Theora, and similar formats) 'out of the box'. However, they can also play most non-free media formats if you install some additional packages. [[Anchor(alternateplayers)]] == Alternative Media Players == The best support for MPEG-1, MPEG-2, MPEG-4 (for example, encoded with DivX, XviD or FFmpeg MPEG-4), Quick''''''Time and other proprietary or non-free media formats is currently provided by [:MultimediaApplications#kaffeine:Kaffeine] and [:KMPlayer:KMPlayer]. Playing Windows Media Video (WMV) or Real''''''Video files requires a software library that Kbuntu cannot distribute due to licensing restrictions (see [#w32codecs Windows Codecs] below for installation instructions). [[BR]] * '''Additional Kubuntu Players''' In addition to the default [:MultimediaApplications#kaffeine:Kaffeine] player, you could try '''KMplayer''' and '''Codeine'''. * '''Kubuntu 6.06 (Dapper Drake)''' and '''Kubuntu 6.10 (Edgy Eft)''' * Install * kmplayer * codeine * mplayer * xine-ui * libxine-extracodecs attachment:IconsPage/eyes.png See MultimediaApplications for an overview of the most popular media players for Kubuntu. [[BR]][[BR]] [[Anchor(long)]] == Detailed Instructions == [[BR]] [[Anchor(mp3)]] === MP3 === * '''Ubuntu's Universe repository includes an easy to use application for mass-converting MP3 music to Ogg Vorbis format. Please keep in mind that converting between lossy compression formats such as MP3 and Ogg Vorbis causes reduced quality!''' * Install the {{{soundconverter}}} package * Open it from the ''Applications->Sound and Video'' menu * Add the files you wish to convert * Tweak the settings for quality, filename, etc. * Start converting! * '''You can easily convert MP3s into Ogg Vorbis format using [http://audacity.sourceforge.net/ Audacity]''' * Install the package '''audacity''' * Start Audacity * To import an MP3: File --> Open * Select an MP3 and open it * To export as an Ogg: File --> Export as Ogg Vorbis * Give the file a name, and save [[BR]] * '''Kubuntu 6.10 (Edgy Eft)''' * Open Amarok and play an mp3 file. Amarok will ask if you would like to add mp3 support and then install the '''libxine-extracodecs''' package, which will allow Amarok and Kaffeine to play MP3's as well as several other formats. * Alternatively, follow the instructions for '''Kubuntu 6.06 LTS (Dapper Drake)''' * '''Kubuntu 6.06 LTS (Dapper Drake)''' * Install '''libxine-extracodecs'''. * To add mp3 support to [:MultimediaApplications#k3b:K3b], install '''libk3b2-mp3'''. * To add mp3 support to '''JuK''', install '''libakode2-mpeg''' and '''libarts1-mpeglib'''. * Video thumbnails in Konqueror -- install '''libarts1-xine'''. You can turn this functionality on and off through Konqueror's menu View->Preview->Video files. * '''Audio Previewing''' -- The Kubuntu file manager Konqueror can preview sound files if you hover your mouse pointer over the file (this can be enabled in Konqueror's menu under View->Preview->Sound files). If you would like to add this functionality for use with mp3 files, install '''libarts1-mpeglib'''. * '''Kubuntu 5.10 (Breezy Badger)''' Kubuntu 5.10 uses two different methods for playing mp3s: * If you are using the version of ''amarok'' that comes by default with Kubuntu 5.10, install '''gstreamer0.8-mad'''. * If you are using the [http://www.carewolf.com/akode akode] audio library, install '''akode-mpeg'''. * To add mp3 support for use with '''K3b''', install '''k3b-mp3'''. [[BR]] === Converting Videos To Ogg Theora === Kubuntu has full support for the Free video format [http://www.theora.org/ Ogg Theora] out of the box, and there are a couple of methods for converting videos into this format: * The [http://www.videolan.org VideoLAN] project has given the '''VLC''' media player (available in Ubuntu's Universe repository) streaming capabilities, including the ability to stream into a file. To encode an Ogg Theora video of a file VLC is capable of playing * Install the {{{vlc}}} package and run it (if working from command line these instructions are for the {{{vlc}}} or {{{wxvlc}}} commands, not the {{{svlc}}} command) * Choose ''File->Open File'' (NOT ''Quick Open File'') * In the ''File'' tab select the ''Browse'' button and choose the video you wish to convert * Tick the box next to ''Stream output'' then click the ''Settings'' button which becomes accessible * Under ''Output Methods'' tick ''File'' then click the ''Browse'' button and choose what you want to save your output file as (possibly ending the filename with ".ogg", although that is not strictly needed) * Change ''Encapsulation Method'' to ''Ogg'' and tick ''Video codec'' and ''Audio codec'', changing them to ''theo'' and ''vorb'' respectively * Choose your desired bitrates for audio and video (you will need to do some experimentation with these to produce small files of high quality) * Press ''OK'' in the settings window, then again in the open file window. The file will now stream to an Ogg Theora video instead of being played normally. * The program ffmpeg2theora is slightly more reliable than VLC, but it is based on the command line: * Install {{{ffmpeg2theora}}} from Universe * Open a terminal in the same folder as the video you wish to convert * Run the command {{{ffmpeg2theora -v N video_file}}} where N is the output quality and video_file is the filename of the video. This will produce a file called "video_file.ogg" * For more options see the ffmpeg2theora manual with the command {{{man ffmpeg2theroa}}} * There is a rudimentary GUI available for ffmpeg2theora which allows configuration of most ffmpeg2theora options and provides a useful progress bar. It uses the QT4 toolkit, so you may need to install some extra packages to compile or use it. A precompiled binary can be found [http://p80.free.fr/katiuska-0.1-bin.tar.bz2 here] and the corresponding source can be found [http://p80.free.fr/katiuska-0.1.tar.bz2 here]. [[BR]] [[Anchor(w32codecs)]] === Windows Codecs (w32codecs) === * '''i386 architecture''' Support for WMV, Real''''''Media and other formats has been bundled into the ''w32codecs'' package. This package is not available from the Ubuntu repositories due to licensing and legal restrictions. You can download the package from debian-multimedia.org: ##Ubuntu still installs mplayer 1.0pre8. The latest version of w32codecs has some codecs missing that older versions of mplayer still don't have natively. {{{ wget -c http://www.debian-multimedia.org/pool/main/w/w32codecs/w32codecs_20061022-0.0_i386.deb sudo dpkg -i w32codecs_20061022-0.0_i386.deb }}} * ''WMV files encoded with DRM (Digital Rights Management) cannot be played with this package.'' * ''If you are experiencing choppy audio when playing WMV files, try [http://ubuntuforums.org/showpost.php?p=136306&postcount=2 the fix described here].'' * ''If you still cannot play WMV files after installing w32codecs, try [http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?p=1649012 the method suggested here].'' * '''AMD64 architecture''' The Windows Codecs package cannot be used directly by the AMD64 distribution. Some people solve this problem by installing the i386 Ubuntu distribution inside a ''chroot'' (for example, [:VServer:Linux Vserver] or [http://packages.ubuntu.com/breezy/admin/dchroot dchroot]), and this works very well. * '''PowerPC architecture''' ##I'm not sure about this one. I found a w32codecs package for PPC at http://www3.mplayerhq.hu/MPlayer/releases/codecs/all-ppc-20051120.tar.bz2. This package is needed for mplayer1.0pre8. The PowerPC distribution cannot use the Windows Codecs. [[BR]] [[Anchor(streaming)]] === Playing Streaming Video from the Internet === * '''Kubuntu''' This is not needed for ''Konqueror''; Kubuntu comes with a plugin by default. Follow the [https://help.ubuntu.com/community/RestrictedFormats#head-e25afe1552d3a818f60e64143931b2d8e0522267 Instructions for Ubuntu] if you're using another browser. [[BR]] [[Anchor(real)]] === Real Media === Following the instructions above should enable most media players (such as Totem and Kaffeine) to play '''Real''''''Media''' files but if you wish to set up [:RealplayerInstallationMethods:Realplayer] to be the default application to open '''Real''''''Media''' file types: * '''Kubuntu''' Open Konqueror, and select ''Configure Konqueror'' in the ''Settings'' menu. Navigate to the ''File Associations'' section using the side bar, Then type '''rm''' in the ''Find Filename Pattern'' box. Select the known type labelled '''vnd.rn-realmedia''' And add '''Real Player 10''' to the top of the ''Application Preference Order'' dialogue. * '''Note About Streaming Video''' ''Real''''''Player'' supports streaming ''Real''''''Media'' files slightly better than other players (for example, those which use the Xine engine). These players generally cannot skip forwards and backwards through streams or resume after pausing, which can be a problem if the connection is dropped temporarily as the file will have to be started again from the beginning. There is a simple solution to this if you want to use your regular media players like Totem or Kaffeine: * Install the package ''streamripper'' * Download a streaming "video" file (actually these are text files containing the online location of the stream) * Open a terminal and run the command: {{{streamripper $(cat filename.rm)}}} , which will start to download the video stream onto your filesystem. This command will repeat itself once finished, so once the first line saying ''ripping'' has finished and another appears you can stop the program by pressing Ctrl-C. By default the downloaded file will be called {{{Streamripper_rips/incomplete/ - .mp3}}}. Don't pay attention to the MP3 filename, since Kubuntu recognises files by their actual content rather than the name. Open this in a player which supports ''Real''''''Media'' files and it will no longer be streaming from the Internet, meaning you can pause, resume and skip forwards and backwards as much as you want. [[Anchor(smil)]] === Smil === If you want [:RealPlayerInstallationMethods:Realplayer] to be the default application to open '''Smil''' file types: * '''Kubuntu''' Open Konqueror, and select ''Configure Konqueror'' in the ''Settings'' menu. Navigate to the ''File Associations'' section using the side bar, Then type '''smil''' in the ''Find Filename Pattern'' box. Select the known type labelled '''smil''' And add '''Real Player 10''' to the top of the ''Application Preference Order'' dialogue. [[BR]] === Ripping CDs === If your portable music player does not support FreeFormats such as ogg vorbis or ogg theora, you can covert audio to non-free formats like mp3 or aac instead. See the page [:CDRipping] for details. [[BR]] [[Anchor(dvd)]] === Playing encrypted DVDs === The movie players provided in Kubuntu can play back unencrypted DVDs. However, many commercial DVDs are encrypted with a weak algorithm called CSS (the [wiki:WikiPedia/Content-scrambling_system Content Scrambling System]). You can enable playback of encrypted DVDs with [:MultimediaApplications#kaffeine:Kaffeine] and [:MultimediaApplications#kmplayer:KMPlayer] by installing '''libdvdcss2'''. [[BR]] * '''Installing libdvdcss2''' * ''Applies to all architectures except AMD64'' * Install the '''libdvdread3''' package. * Then download the '''libdvdcss2''' library by typing in a terminal: {{{ sudo /usr/share/doc/libdvdread3/examples/install-css.sh}}} ''or, if you are using '''Kubuntu 6.10 (Edgy Eft)''':'' {{{ sudo /usr/share/doc/libdvdread3/install-css.sh}}} ''Note: You can also download the '''libdvdcss2''' library manually by locating the latest deb for your archietecture [http://www.dtek.chalmers.se/groups/dvd/deb/ here].'' * ''Applies to the AMD64 architecture only:'' * The ''install-css.sh'' script will compile the ''libdvdcss2'' library for you instead of downloading a prebuilt binary. Make sure you install the '''debhelper''', '''build-essential''' and '''fakeroot''' packages first. Then issue the command: {{{ sudo /usr/share/doc/libdvdread3/examples/install-css.sh}}} ''or, if you are using '''Kubuntu 6.10 (Edgy Eft)''':'' {{{ sudo /usr/share/doc/libdvdread3/install-css.sh}}} * Your DVD player should now play back encrypted DVDs. [[BR]] [[Anchor(dvdregion)]] * '''Setting Region Codes''' [[BR]] If your DVD player regularly locks up when you try to play back a DVD, your DVD player probably does not match the DVD's [wiki:WikiPedia/Regional_lockout Region Code]. Region Codes are a form of vendor lock-in. For example, you cannot play a DVD published in Japan (Region 2) on a DVD player in the United States (Region 1) without changing the Region Code of the DVD player (unless you own a regionless DVD player). You can view or modify the Region Code of your DVD drive with the [http://linvdr.org/projects/regionset/ regionset] tool. attachment:IconsPage/warning.png [[BR]] ''[http://linvdr.org/projects/regionset/ The author of regionset writes:] "On delivery, most DVD drives have no region code set. The drive firmware allows you to change the region code, but on nearly all drives you are limited to five (5) changes. After the fifth change, the DVD drive will stay fixed on that code -- on some drives you can upgrade the drive firmware and have then additional five changes, on other drives you won't be able to change the region code any more."'' [[BR]] * To change the Region Code of your DVD player, insert a DVD from your region in the DVD player, and do the following: * Install the '''regionset''' package from the [:Repositories/Ubuntu#what:Universe repositories]. * To launch regionset, issue the command {{{ regionset}}} * See the [:FreeFormats#head-c2258969400dbf867f84949acc2a276a10e8ae7c:Free Formats page] for more information [[BR]] * '''Jerky Playback''' [[BR]] If DVD playback is noticeably choppy or burning a CD/DVD is slower than it should be, then you may need to '''enable DMA transfer''' for the DVD drive. See the [:DMA:DMA (Direct Memory Access)] page for details. [[BR]] === Ripping DVDs === Kubuntu contains a number of DVD backup applications (aka "DVD rippers"). To rip encrypted DVDs, you must install '''libdvdcss2''' the same as you would to play encrypted DVDs (see above). Historically, most DVD rippers would re-encode the DVD using patent-encumbered codecs, typically MPEG-4 for video and MP3 for audio. However, at least one DVD ripper in Ubuntu, '''Thoggen''', re-encodes your DVDs using only patent-free codes, Theora for video and Vorbis for audio. '''Thoggen''' is available in the Universe repository. An easy-to-use DVD ripper for Kubuntu is "k9copy". [[BR]] [[Anchor(aac)]] === AAC and iTunes Music Store === * '''AAC decoding''' The default audio format used by Apple's iTunes and iPod is AAC. This is a variant of the MPEG standard, and as such has patent issues. * '''AAC encoding''' FAAC can be used to encode AACs, although this is somewhat experimental compared to MP3 encoding at this point. Applications that use the gstreamer back-end can use a plugin called '''gstreamer0.8-faac''' on Ubuntu 5.10. See ["CDRipping"] for how to encode CDs to AAC. For other programs, you may be able to utilize FAAC directly to encode to AACs using the '''faac''' package. * '''iTunes Music Store''' Apple's iTunes Music Store sells music online with a large selection of artists. Songs are in 128K AAC format, and cost varies by country. Apple only has Mac and Windows clients, but it also can be used on Linux. There are two different methods by which this can be done. [[BR]] An [http://www.banshee-project.org/Plugins unofficial plugin] for the Banshee Player supports the store but needs to be got from subversion and compiled. There is also no guarantee it will work with changes to the itunes store. You can also use [http://www.codeweavers.com CodeWeavers' CrossOver Office] to install the Windows version of iTunes on Ubuntu. This will allow you to buy iTunes songs on Linux and listen to them. [[BR]] [[Anchor(flash)]] === Adobe Flash === attachment:IconsPage/eyes.png Adobe's Flash Player is only available for i386-based machines, and Shock''''''Wave requires a rather complex installation. There are projects that are attempting to provide free support for Flash, and currently they are the only way to get Flash support for the '''PPC''' and '''AMD64''' distributions of Ubuntu. * If you have problems (and solutions) using Flash, read [#flashtrouble Flash Troubleshooting] below. * Adobe has released '''Flash 9 for Linux beta'''. It works fine for me, so if you are anxious and willing to give it a try, go to [http://labs.adobe.com/downloads/flashplayer9.html] * Automated installation {{{ sudo aptitude purge flashplugin-nonfree flashplayer-mozilla && mkdir /tmp/flash9 && cd /tmp/flash9 && wget http://download.macromedia.com/pub/labs/flashplayer9_update/FP9_plugin_beta_112006.tar.gz && tar zxvf *.tar.gz && rm -rf *.tar.gz && cd * && sudo cp *.so /usr/lib/mozilla-firefox/plugins/ }}} [[BR]] * '''Flash for i386 architecture''' To add Adobe Flash support to Konqueror, mozilla, firefox, epiphany and other browsers, do the following: * '''Kubuntu 6.06 LTS (Dapper Drake) and Kubuntu 6.10 (Edgy Eft)''' * Install the package '''flashplugin-nonfree''' * ''Note to Kubuntu Users:'' Konqueror '''does not''' auto-detect Flash. There are a few steps you must take: * In the menu bar of konqueror, click "Settings" (next to Help) > "Configure Konqueror" * Scroll down the side to plugins * Click "Scan for new plugins" * Flash should now work with konqueror. * '''Flash for i386 manual install''' Sometimes the above method doesn't work for some people in which case you can manually install Flash. To do so: * Download Flash from [http://www.adobe.com/shockwave/download/download.cgi?P1_Prod_Version=ShockwaveFlash the Flash web site]. * Extact the .tar.gz file {{{ tar -zxf install_flash_player_7_linux.tar.gz }}} * For Konqueror: * Click Settings -> Configure Konqueror * Click "Plugins" * Where it says "Scan Folders" click "New" then enter the folder that was created when you extracted the .tar.gz file from the earler step. * Click "Scan for New Plugins" * Konqueror should then find a new plugin on the "Plugins" tab with the value "/some/directory/libflashplayer.so" * Click OK to finish installing Flash * For Firefox: * go to the directory you extracted to {{{ cd install_flash_player_7_linux/ }}} * start the installer {{{ sudo ./flashplayer-installer }}} * press ENTER when it asks and enter the installation path for firefox, normally {{{ /usr/lib/firefox }}} * press 'y' to proceed the installation and then 'n' when asked to perform another installation - that's it ## {{{ ##sudo ln -s /folder/that/was/created/libflashplayer.so /usr/lib/mozilla-firefox/libflashplayer.so ##}}} [[BR]] * '''Flash for AMD64 and PPC''' At present, there is no non-free flash implementation available for 64-bit processors (or Mac) because the manufacturer does not support them. However, there are two free implementations in the works. One is '''gnash''' and the other is '''swfdec'''. [http://www.gnu.org/software/gnash/ Gnash], whilst still under development, aims to be a proper free, open source replacement for all the platforms. There is a repository hosting AMD64 Gnash packages at http://ubuntu.moshen.de/ If you are determined, install a i386 Ubuntu in a Debootstrap''''''Chroot and launch your browser with flash plugin from there. Amd64 users can also see Self:FirefoxAMD64FlashJava. [[BR]] [[Anchor(flashtrouble)]] * '''Flash Troubleshooting''' * If Flash doesn't load in Firefox/Konqueror after doing the above, you can re-download the plugin from scratch by issuing the following: {{{ sudo update-flashplugin}}} * '''Video''' If you use an '''Intel 855GM''' video card, ensure you set the X server colour depth to 24 bits, otherwise you will probably experience Firefox crashes. See [https://launchpad.net/distros/ubuntu/+source/firefox/+bug/14911 bug #14911] for more information about this. * '''Fonts''' If you are viewing a Flash video and you do not see any text, install the '''gsfonts''' and '''gsfonts-x11''' packages. For those who wish to read on Adobe's progress on a new version of Flash for Linux (which will have support for Ubuntu) see: http://blogs.adobe.com/penguin.swf/ [[BR]] [[Anchor(shockwave)]] === Adobe Shockwave === Please see ["Shockwave"] [[BR]] [[Anchor(java)]] === Sun Java === Please see ["Java"] [[BR]] [[Anchor(msfonts)]] === Microsoft Fonts === To install Microsoft Core fonts you can do the following: {{{ $ sudo aptitude install msttcorefonts }}} [[BR]] [[Anchor(auto)]] == Automated Installation == * '''Making Ubuntu play with popular but non-free audio and video formats with Easy''''''Ubuntu''' [[BR]] [http://easyubuntu.freecontrib.org/ EasyUbuntu] provides a simple method to fetch and install all the required to play DVDs, Windows Media, Quicktime and most of the formats on this page. See the [http://easyubuntu.freecontrib.org/ EasyUbuntu] website for the latest instructions. * '''Installing non-free media format support with Automatix''' [[BR]] [http://www.getautomatix.com/index.php Automatix] is a graphical interface for automating the installation of the most commonly requested applications in Ubuntu linux. [[BR]] == See also == * ["InstallingSoftware"] * ["MultimediaApplications"] * ["MPlayer"] * The [:FreeFormats:free formats] page * Ubuntu's [http://www.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/philosophy Free Software Philosophy] * [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_format Wikipedia article on Open Formats] * [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regional_lockout Wikipedia article on Region Codes] * [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Content-scrambling_system Wikipedia article on CSS] * [http://www.debian-multimedia.org/ Debian-Marillat Repositories] * [http://doc.ubuntu-fr.org/doc/plf Penguin Liberation Front] * [http://www.gnu.org/software/gnash/ GNU Gnash], a GNU flash player (alpha) * [http://www.seungpyo.com/stacksandpiles/2006/07/05/ubuntu-linux-multimedia-support-and-popular-media-codecs/ Multimedia Support] * [http://www.ubuntuforums.org/forumdisplay.php?f=159 Ubuntu Customization Guide] resembles Easy Ubuntu and Ubuntu Guide. But it has another focus as it tries to teach and link to existing documentation. [[BR]] ---- CategoryDocumentation CategoryCleanup |
#REFRESH 0 http://help.ubuntu.com/community/RestrictedFormats |
RestrictedFormats (last edited 2008-08-06 16:22:52 by localhost)