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Предыдущее: Интернет и Сеть

Экига - стандартная программа Интернет телефонии (VoIP) в Убунту. Она даёт возможность общаться в Интернет по средством передачи сообщений, аудио и видео потоков с людьми, ... Ekiga is the default Internet telephony (VoIP) application in Ubuntu. It lets you make audio and video calls over the Internet to people who have hardware or software that follows the SIP or H.323 standards. Ekiga also features basic instant messaging.

Ekiga has a rubust and wide support for multimedia, and is compatible with Windows Messenger and most VoIP applications. Ekiga cannot communicate with Skype because it uses proprietary technology. If you have the right SIP provider, you can also use Ekiga to place calls to any normal phone line.

Desktop interoperability

Ekiga works with Linux or Windows. For Mac OS, you can use the free software xmeeting.

Ekiga is compatible with Netmeeting (H.323, windows), Windows Messenger (SIP, Windows, how to configure Windows Messenger for ekiga.net), Gizmo (SIP, multi-platform), and other programs listed on the Ekiga documentation.

Googletalk is working to implement the industry standard SIP which will make it possible to communicate with Ekiga users in the future.

Первое применение

When you start Ekiga for the first time, the 10 step Configuration druid will help you to correctly configure Ekiga. It is strongly recommended that you complete the druid.

More help about the druid (step-by-step)

How do I get a free sip:address ? (step 3/10)

At step 3 of 10 in the druid, you'll be asked for your Username and Password. You get them by registring in ekiga.net. This will gives you a free sip:address. Choose a good Username, this is what you will be giving out to your contacts. A sip:address is a way to be reachable and to reach people. You can compare it to an e-mail address.

Please avoid specials characters for your password. Letters and numbers will do just fine.

Just follow the link given in the dialog to get an account if you do not have one, then fill in your username and password.

Your address will be sip:Username@ekiga.net

Please press ’Forward’ after having entered all required information to continue.

How do I place a call ?

When you're done the druid and if you have an account on ekiga.net, you can call the echo test: sip:500@ekiga.net You'll be able to check if you can reach the service (the SIP network), if your sound setup is ok (you can hear yourself with a delay) and if your webcam works (you can see yourself).

If you know the SIP address of the party that you wish to call, you may enter that adress into the sip: input box at the top of the screen and press the Connect button; eg: sip:foo@ekiga.net and pressing the Connect button would call the user at that address.

Can I use several sip:addresses ?

Yes. First you have to register to the provider (e.g. ekiga.net). Then to add your new sip:address, go to menu Edit -> Accounts -> Add

Ekiga.net services (free calls PC-to-PC)

Ekiga.net is a free service (no ads) based upon Free Software (SER and Asterisk) ran by the Ekiga team.

Test service

Once you're registered to http://ekiga.net, you can test your setup and line quality by dialing the echo service: sip:500@ekiga.net

This service only works with PCMU or iLBC audio codecs, and the H.261 video codec.

Audio conference server

If you are using ekiga.net as your VoIP provider, you can access a conference server via the aliases

• sip:501@ekiga.net to join the public conference room

• sip:501XXXX@ekiga.net where XXXX is the number of your choice representing the number of the room.

[For example, a group of friends could meet in conference room 1122 by dialing sip:5011122@ekiga.net]

Using 501xxxx, you'll be asked for a "PIN number": dialing a number you can protect the access to your conference room or just dialing # will make this conference public.

How to place a call to other SIP providers (peering)

Peering is the term given to agreement between VoIP Service Providers which enables the users of one service to call users of another.

This is usually implemented by dialing a special prefix number and then the number of the receipitant (on the 'other' service).

With Ekiga.net, you can use SipBroker prefixes.

Here are some exemples of prefixes:

You can also use the special prefix *013 to place a call using Enum. As prefixes do not have a standard, Enum tries to solve this situation.

Some numbers you can dial using Ekiga.net:

• More fun numbers in the Ekiga online documentation

How to search a contact in Ekiga White pages

People registered to Ekiga.net may be reached using the White Pages.

• Open the Address Book (Tools → Address Book), or click the address book button.

• Select "Ekiga White pages".

You can search the White pages by name, SIP address, or location. Up to 100 results are returned for any search.

Ekiga.net button for your web page

You can easily put a button on your web page showing your status: online or offline. If you're online, the visitor can place a call using the button.

Here is what will appear on your web page:

In order to use it, simply add this to your web page:

<script src=”http://www.ekiga.net/status/presence.php?user=YOUR_ID_ON_EKIGA.NET”></script>

where YOUR_ID_ON_EKIGA.NET is simply your username.

Register to a commercial VoIP provider (landline and mobile phones)

You can register to a commercial VoIP provider to place calls to normal phone line or cell phone. Ekiga allows you to register several VoIP providers.

Default provider

There is no obligation for you to use the default provider.

The default provider is Diamondcard Worldwide Communication Service, which offers these rates

1. To purchase the account, go in Tools -> PC-To-Phone Account. You absolutely need to purchase the account from the PC-To-Phone configuration window or it won't work.

2. Wait for the mail that will give you a login and a PIN.
3. Enter that login and PIN in the appropriate fields in the window and enable the PC-To-Phone service.

You are now ready to do PC-To-Phone calls at very low rates all over the world.

To dial a number, simply add "00" followed by the country code, and by the phone number you want to reach.

For example, sip:003210111111 to call number 10111111 in Belgium.

Broadvoice Support

In order to setup Ekiga to work with Broadvoice which offer those rates, use the following settings.

Figure out which proxy is closest to you:

# proxy.lax.broadvoice.com

# proxy.dca.broadvoice.com

# proxy.mia.broadvoice.com

# proxy.atl.broadvoice.com

# proxy.chi.broadvoice.com

# proxy.bos.broadvoice.com

# proxy.nyc.broadvoice.com

Ekiga Preferences:

• SIP Settings → Outbound SIP Proxy: proxy.broadvoice.com

• Codecs → Video Codecs → Disable (uncheck) video support or else you will get a codec error.

Account Information:

• Registrar: sip.broadvoice.com

• User: <10 digit broadvoice telephone number>

• Password: <obtained requesting it from broadvoice support>

• Authentication Login: <10 digit broadvoice telephone number>

• Realm/Domain: sip.broadvoice.com or Broadworks

In the case where you need to troubleshoot, start ekiga with 'ekiga -d 4'

How to set up a Gizmo account

Gizmo offers those rates.

To subscibe an account, go here and open a Sipphone account. Then, with your account number and your password go there, you'll be prompted to choose a Gizmo name.

Now go to menu Edit → Accounts → Add

Then try the echo test: sip:1393613@proxy01.sipphone.com

How to set up a Wengo account

Wengo offer this rates.

Once you've registered at https://secure.wengo.com/register/wengophone/index.php?yawl[S]=wengo.public.homePage&yawl[K]=wengo.subs_152.persistOffer&lang=eng , visit

https://ws.wengo.fr/softphone-sso/sso.php?login=YOUR-EMAIL&password=YOUR-PASSWORD

where YOUR-EMAIL and YOUR-PASSWORD are what you used when you registered your account. This will give you your real username and password:

...
<userid>Username</userid>
...
<password>Password</password>
...

Now go to menu Edit → Accounts → Add

Now try the echo test: sip:333@voip.wengo.fr

Configuration

This section covers the configuration of Ekiga.

Network

Ekiga is able to use a STUN server. In most cases the defaults should work fine, even for users of consumer-grade firewalls.

However, for advanced users or complex setups, here is the list of ports used by Ekiga:

Several Ekigas on a LAN

There are several programs which allow copies of Ekiga to communicate with each other; you can use a SIP proxy (like Siproxd) or a PBX (like Asterisk. Further information about Ekiga and Asterisk can be found on the Ekiga documentation), or you can use Avahi.

Avahi

Avahi is the main implementation of ZeroConf protocol under Ubuntu (known as Rendezvous or Bonjour on Mac OS X). This technology allows automatic discovery of services.

To set up Avahi, please follow the Zeroconf Howto.

Other copies of Ekiga on the LAN should appear in the Address Book (third button on the left) if you double-click on Contacts Near Me.

Sound

This section is about testing and changing the sound configuration in Ekiga.

Test your computer

The audio test in the configuration druid will show you if there is any audio problem.

In case of audio problem, to check if your computer meets the requirements for Ekiga, try this command in a terminal:

$ arecord -D plughw:0,0 -c 1 -r 8000 -f S16_LE - | aplay -D plughw:0,0 -c 1 -r 8000 -f S16_LE -

Now, speak into your microphone. You should be able to hear yourself in your headset with a small delay (approximately half a second). If it doesn't work as expected, first try to setup correctly your audio desktop configuration: make sure your microphone is not muted and the volume levels are OK.

Ekiga and other audio applications

Ekiga is capable of running simultaneously with other sound applications (like music and video players). The following directions should be enough to accomplish this:

From the Edit menu, choose Preferences → Devices → Audio Devices.

• Select "ALSA" as the audio plugin

• Select "Default" as output

• Select "Default" as input

Then, from the Edit menu, choose Preferences → General → Sound Events. Select "Default" as alternate device output.

• Ekiga's documentation More about running Ekiga with other audio applications

Webcam

Ekiga does not require a webcam.

• How to set up a webcam

Choosing the right webcam driver

The Linux kernel has two ways to communicate with video devices, the old v4l and the new v4l2. It's best to use v4l2, but some devices only support v4l.

From the Edit menu, choose Preferences → Devices → Video device.

• Try "v4l2” or "v4l” as video plugin

Choosing the right video device

If you have several video devices (like a TV card and a webcam) you will need to tell Ekiga which one to use:

From the Edit menu, choose Preferences → Devices → Video device. Change the channel number until you find the right one.

Test your webcam

To test your webcam, click the fourth of the six icons (a grey round webcam) on the left side of the main Ekiga window. If eveything is ok, you'll see the output of the webcam. If not, you'll see the Ekiga logo bouncing slowly.

Install the latest version

Add the repository for your Ubuntu version:

• Ubuntu 7.04 Feisty i386 :

deb http://www.ekiga.org/admin/downloads/latest/ubuntu/feisty_x86/ ./

• Ubuntu 7.04 Feisty AMD64 :

deb http://www.ekiga.org/admin/downloads/latest/ubuntu/feisty_amd64/ ./

• Ubuntu 6.10 Edgy i386 :

deb http://www.ekiga.org/admin/downloads/latest/ubuntu/edgy_x86/ ./

• Ubuntu 6.10 Edgy AMD64 :

deb http://www.ekiga.org/admin/downloads/latest/ubuntu/edgy_amd64/ ./

• Ubuntu 6.06 Dapper i386 :

deb http://www.ekiga.org/admin/downloads/latest/ubuntu/dapper_x86/ ./

• Ubuntu 6.06 Dapper AMD64 :

deb http://www.ekiga.org/admin/downloads/latest/ubuntu/dapper_amd64/ ./

Development snapshots

You can get the latest development snapshots from snapshots.voxgratia.org. Installing them may solve problems you are experiencing, but be aware that the snapshots could also cause more problems. This package will install nearby your actual and stable version. The Ekiga team maintains this roadmap to Ekiga version 3.0.

To install, follow this directions:

To add the security GPG key to your portfolio, use this command in a terminal:

gpg --keyserver wwwkeys.de.pgp.net --recv-keys 52ABFCB1
gpg --export --armor 52ABFCB1 | sudo apt-key add -

Add the repository for your Ubuntu version:

• Ubuntu 7.04 Feisty :

deb http://snapshots.ekiga.net/ubuntu/ feisty main

• Ubuntu 6.10 Edgy :

deb http://snapshots.ekiga.net/ubuntu/ edgy main

• Ubuntu 6.06 Dapper :

deb http://snapshots.ekiga.net/ubuntu/ dapper main

Install the package ekiga-snapshot.

Edgy 6.10 Troubleshooting

Ekiga crash on exit

A bug in Ubuntu 6.10 makes Ekiga crash on exit. If you experience "bug buddy" showing up on exit, install this package on your system.

Please, do not send a bug report about this issue. Thank you.

The webcam shows only a grey image

Try this.

References

• To read the Ekiga Documentation : run Ekiga and press F1 (requires yelp)

• Ekiga website

• Ekiga FAQ

• Ekiga online documentation

• Asterisk is a full featured PABX including VoIP facitlies which complement Ekiga's capabilities.

Ekiga needs you. Let's spread Ekiga!

CategorySoftware