UbuntuGuide
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Revision: 4.15.wiki Original URL: http://www.ubuntuguide.org (Mirror) Author: Chua Wen Kiat (Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia) Disclaimer Copyright (C) 2004-2005 Chua Wen Kiat. This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version. This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details. General Notes 1. This is an Unofficial Ubuntu 5.04 Starter Guide. It is not associated with Ubuntu and Canonical Ltd. 2. Guide is tested on a full installation of the Ubuntu 5.04 x86 Install CD (Hoary Hedgehog) 3. If you see black box, means you have to execute the commands in Terminal mode (Applications -> System Tools -> Terminal) |
Before you get started: 3. If you see black box, means you have to execute the commands a Terminal (Applications -> System Tools -> Terminal) |
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5. "sudo" means superuser do. "sudo" will prompt for "Password:". Please enter your user password at this prompt 6. If you are tired of typing "sudo" all the time, switch to root user by issuing "sudo -s -H" followed by your user password 7. If you are tired of typing "apt-get" all the time, Read [SynapticHowto] 8. "apt-get" and "wget" require an Internet connection to install/update/download programs |
5. "sudo" means superuser do. you can read more about it at RootSudo 8. many of the commands (such as `apt-get` and `wget`) on this page require an Internet connection to install/update/download programs |
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[[TableOfContents([maxdepth])]] | [[TableOfContents()]] |
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Q: How to install J2SE Runtime Environment (JRE) with Plug-in for Mozilla Firefox? 1. Read General Notes 2. Read How to add extra repositories? 3. sudo apt-get install sun-j2re1.5 java -version |
==== Q: How do I install J2SE Runtime Environment (JRE) with Plug-in for Mozilla Firefox? ==== Ensure you have the multiverse repository enabled (See AddingRepostoriesHowTo) sudo apt-get install sun-j2re1.5 java -version |
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Q: How to install Flash Player (Macromedia Flash) Plug-in for Mozilla Firefox? 1. Read General Notes 2. Read How to add extra repositories? 3. |
==== Q: How to install Flash Player (Macromedia Flash) Plug-in for Mozilla Firefox? ==== Ensure you have the multiverse repository enabled (See AddingRepostoriesHowTo) Now either use [wiki:self:SynapticHowto Synaptic] to download `flashplayer-mozilla` or run {{{ |
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4. Restart Mozilla Firefox Q: How to install PDF Reader (Adobe Reader) with Plug-in for Mozilla Firefox? |
}}} If you are running firefox, quit and restart for this to become available. ==== Q: How to install PDF Reader (Adobe Reader) with Plug-in for Mozilla Firefox? ==== |
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Revision: 4.15.wiki Original URL: http://www.ubuntuguide.org (Mirror) Author: Chua Wen Kiat (Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia) Disclaimer Copyright (C) 2004-2005 Chua Wen Kiat. This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version. This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details. General Notes |
Unofficial Ubuntu 5.04 Starter Guide - Wiki fixed edition
CURRENTLY IN PROGRESS
Before you get started:
If you see black box, means you have to execute the commands a Terminal (Applications -> System Tools -> Terminal)
To reduce typo mistakes, copy and paste the commands into Terminal mode (right click on the commands -> "Copy" or "Paste")
"sudo" means superuser do. you can read more about it at RootSudo
many of the commands (such as apt-get and wget) on this page require an Internet connection to install/update/download programs
To download a file, right click on the link -> Select "Save Link As..." -> Make sure the file name and extension are correct
Getting Started
Q: What is Ubuntu?
Q: Where can I view Ubuntu screenshots?
Q: Where can I find a list of all the programs/libraries that comes with Ubuntu?
You can find a list of all available packeges at these locations as well as in [wiki:SynapticHowo Synaptic]
Q: Where can I find help for Ubuntu?
- Mailing Lists
Web Forums http://forums.ubuntulinux.com
IRC Channel irc://irc.freenode.net/ubuntu
Repositories
Q: How to add extra repositories?
Q: How Can I backup/restore downloaded repositories cache?
- To backup downloaded repositories cache run this command in a terminal
sudo tar zcvf apt.tgz /etc/apt/ /var/lib/apt/ /var/cache/apt/
- To restore downloaded repositories cache run this command in a terminal
sudo tar zxvf apt.tgz -C /
Ubuntu Updates
==== Q: How to manually update Ubuntu? ====
Read SynapticHowto or in a terminal run
sudo apt-get update sudo apt-get upgrade
=== Add-On Applications ===
Q: How to install Menu Editor for GNOME?
Either use [wiki:SynapticHowto Synaptic] to install 'smeg' or run the following in a terminal
sudo apt-get install smeg
- Log out, then log in again. You can now access SMEG via
Applications -> System Tools -> Smeg Menu Editor
Q: How do I install the Clipboard Daemon for GNOME?
Run the following commands in a terminal
wget -c http://frankandjacq.com/ubuntuguide/gnome-clipboard-daemon-1.0.bin.tar.bz2 sudo tar jxvf gnome-clipboard-daemon-1.0.bin.tar.bz2 -C /usr/bin/ sudo chown root:root /usr/bin/gnome-clipboard-daemon sudo chmod 755 /usr/bin/gnome-clipboard-daemon sudo gnome-clipboard-daemon &
- Now start the sessions editor:
System -> Preferences -> Sessions
In the Startup Programs Tab click Add In the Startup Command box enter: gnome-clipboard-daemon Set the Order to 80
==== Q: How do I install J2SE Runtime Environment (JRE) with Plug-in for Mozilla Firefox? ====
Ensure you have the multiverse repository enabled (See AddingRepostoriesHowTo)
- sudo apt-get install sun-j2re1.5 java -version
- Restart Mozilla Firefox
Q: How to install Flash Player (Macromedia Flash) Plug-in for Mozilla Firefox?
Ensure you have the multiverse repository enabled (See AddingRepostoriesHowTo)
Now either use [wiki:self:SynapticHowto Synaptic] to download flashplayer-mozilla or run
sudo apt-get install flashplayer-mozilla
- If you are running firefox, quit and restart for this to become available.
Q: How to install PDF Reader (Adobe Reader) with Plug-in for Mozilla Firefox?
- Read General Notes
- Read How to add extra repositories?
sudo apt-get install acroread sudo apt-get install mozilla-acroread sudo apt-get install acroread-plugins
- Read How to refresh GNOME panel?
Applications -> Office -> Adobe Reader
- Restart Mozilla Firefox
Q: How to install Download Manager (Downloader for X)?
- Read General Notes
- Read How to add extra repositories?
sudo apt-get install d4x
- Read How to refresh GNOME panel?
Applications -> Internet -> Downloader for X
Q: How to install FTP Client (gFTP)?
- Read General Notes
- Read How to add extra repositories?
sudo apt-get install gftp
- Read How to refresh GNOME panel?
Applications -> Internet -> gFTP
Q: How to install P2P BitTorrent Client (Azureus)?
- Read General Notes
- Read How to install J2SE Runtime Environment (JRE) with Plug-in for Mozilla Firefox?
sudo apt-get install azureus
- Read How to refresh GNOME panel?
Applications -> Internet -> Azureus
Q: How to install P2P eMule Client (aMule)?
- Read General Notes
- Read How to add extra repositories?
sudo apt-get install amule
- Read How to refresh GNOME panel?
Applications -> Internet -> aMule
Q: How to install P2P Gnutella Client (LimeWire)?
- Read General Notes
- Read How to install J2SE Runtime Environment (JRE) with Plug-in for Mozilla Firefox?
wget -c http://frankandjacq.com/ubuntuguide/LimeWireSoftOther.zip sudo unzip -u LimeWireSoftOther.zip -d /opt/ sudo chown -R root:root /opt/LimeWire/ sudo gedit /usr/bin/runLime.sh
- Insert the following lines into the new file
cd /opt/LimeWire/ ./runLime.sh
- Save the edited file (sample)
sudo chmod +x /usr/bin/runLime.sh sudo gedit /usr/share/applications/LimeWire.desktop
- Insert the following lines into the new file
[Desktop Entry] Name=LimeWire Comment=LimeWire Exec=runLime.sh Icon=/opt/LimeWire/LimeWire.ico Terminal=false Type=Application Categories=Application;Network;
- Save the edited file (sample)
- Read How to refresh GNOME panel?
Applications -> Internet -> LimeWire
Q: How to install Messenger (Skype)?
- Read General Notes
- Read How to add extra repositories?
sudo apt-get install libqt3c102-mt wget -c http://frankandjacq.com/ubuntuguide/skype_1.1.0.20-1_i386.deb sudo dpkg -i skype_1.1.0.20-1_i386.deb
- Read How to refresh GNOME panel?
Applications -> Internet -> Skype
Q: How to install WinPopup (LinPopUp)?
- Read General Notes
- Read How to add extra repositories?
- Read How to install Samba Server for files/folders sharing service?
sudo apt-get install linpopup sudo gedit /usr/share/applications/linpopup.desktop
- Insert the following lines into the new file
[Desktop Entry] Name=LinPopUp Comment=LinPopUp Exec=linpopup Icon=/usr/share/pixmaps/linpopup.xpm Terminal=false Type=Application Categories=Application;Utility;
- Save the edited file (sample)
- Read How to refresh GNOME panel?
Applications -> Accessories -> LinPopUp
Q: How to install Multimedia Codecs?
- Read General Notes
- Read How to add extra repositories?
sudo apt-get install gstreamer0.8-plugins sudo apt-get install gstreamer0.8-lame sudo apt-get install gstreamer0.8-ffmpeg sudo apt-get install w32codecs sudo apt-get install libdivx4linux sudo apt-get install lame sudo apt-get install sox sudo apt-get install ffmpeg sudo apt-get install mjpegtools sudo apt-get install vorbis-tools gst-register-0.8
Q: How to install DVD playback capability?
- Read General Notes
- Read How to add extra repositories?
sudo apt-get install libdvdcss2
Q: How to install Multimedia Player (xine-ui)?
- Read General Notes
- Read How to add extra repositories?
- Read How to install Multimedia Codecs?
- Read How to install DVD playback capability?
sudo apt-get install xine-ui
- Associate xine-ui to play multimedia files
gconftool-2 --type string --set /desktop/gnome/volume_manager/autoplay_dvd_command "xine dvd://" sudo rm -f /usr/share/applnk/Multimedia/xine.desktop sudo ln -fs /usr/share/xine/desktop/xine.desktop /usr/share/applications/ sudo cp /usr/share/applications/defaults.list /usr/share/applications/defaults.list_backup sudo sed -e 's/totem.desktop/xine.desktop/g' /usr/share/applications/defaults.list_backup > /tmp/defaults.list sudo mv /tmp/defaults.list /usr/share/applications/defaults.list
- Read How to refresh GNOME panel?
- Read How to refresh GNOME desktop?
Applications -> Sound & Video -> xine
Q: How to install Multimedia Player (MPlayer) with Plug-in for Mozilla Firefox?
- Read General Notes
- Read How to add extra repositories?
- Read How to install Multimedia Codecs?
- Read How to install DVD playback capability?
sudo apt-get install mplayer-386 sudo apt-get install mplayer-fonts sudo apt-get install mozilla-mplayer sudo cp /etc/mplayer/mplayer.conf /etc/mplayer/mplayer.conf_backup sudo gedit /etc/mplayer/mplayer.conf
- Find this line
... vo=x11, # To specify default video driver (see -vo help for ...
- Replace with the following line
vo=xv, # To specify default video driver (see -vo help for
- Save the edited file (sample)
- Read How to refresh GNOME panel?
Applications -> Sound & Video -> MPlayer
- Restart Mozilla Firefox
Q: How to install Multimedia Player (XMMS)?
- Read General Notes
- Read How to add extra repositories?
- Read How to install Multimedia Codecs?
sudo apt-get install xmms wget -c http://frankandjacq.com/ubuntuguide/xmms-wma_1.0.4-2_i386.deb sudo dpkg -i xmms-wma_1.0.4-2_i386.deb
- Associate XMMS to play MP3/M3U/WAV files
sudo cp /usr/share/applications/defaults.list /usr/share/applications/defaults.list_backup sudo cp /usr/share/applications/defaults.list /tmp/defaults.list_tmp sudo sed -e 's/audio\/mpeg=.*/audio\/mpeg=XMMS.desktop/g' /tmp/defaults.list_tmp > /tmp/defaults.mp3 sudo sed -e 's/audio\/x-mpegurl=.*/audio\/x-mpegurl=XMMS.desktop/g' /tmp/defaults.mp3 > /tmp/defaults.m3u sudo sed -e 's/audio\/x-wav=.*/audio\/x-wav=XMMS.desktop/g' /tmp/defaults.m3u > /tmp/defaults.list sudo mv /tmp/defaults.list /usr/share/applications/defaults.list sudo rm -f /tmp/defaults.*
- Read How to refresh GNOME panel?
- Read How to refresh GNOME desktop?
Applications -> Sound & Video -> XMMS
Q: How to install Multimedia Player (RealPlayer)?
- Read General Notes
- Read How to add extra repositories?
sudo apt-get install realplayer
- Read How to refresh GNOME panel?
Applications -> Sound & Video -> RealPlayer 10
Q: How to install Stream Directory Browser (streamtuner)?
- Read General Notes
- Read How to add extra repositories?
sudo apt-get install streamtuner sudo apt-get install streamripper
- Read How to refresh GNOME panel?
Applications -> Sound & Video -> streamtuner
Q: How to install ID3 Tag Editor (EasyTAG)?
- Read General Notes
- Read How to add extra repositories?
sudo apt-get install easytag
- Read How to refresh GNOME panel?
Applications -> Sound & Video -> EasyTAG
Q: How to install Video Editor (Kino)?
- Read General Notes
- Read How to add extra repositories?
- Read How to install Multimedia Codecs?
sudo apt-get install kino sudo apt-get install kinoplus sudo apt-get install kino-timfx sudo apt-get install kino-dvtitler
- Read How to refresh GNOME panel?
Applications -> Sound & Video -> Kino Video Editor
Q: How to install Audio Editor (Audacity)?
- Read General Notes
- Read How to add extra repositories?
- Read How to install Multimedia Codecs?
sudo apt-get install audacity
- Read How to refresh GNOME panel?
Applications -> Sound & Video -> Audacity
Q: How to install DVD Ripper (dvd::rip)?
- Read General Notes
- Read How to add extra repositories?
- Read How to install Multimedia Codecs?
- Read How to install DVD playback capability?
- Read How to install Multimedia Player (MPlayer) with Plug-in for Mozilla Firefox?
- Read How to install RAR Archiver (rar)?
sudo apt-get install dvdrip sudo apt-get install vcdimager sudo apt-get install cdrdao sudo apt-get install subtitleripper sudo ln -fs /usr/bin/rar /usr/bin/rar-2.80 sudo gedit /usr/share/applications/dvdrip.desktop
- Insert the following lines into the new file
[Desktop Entry] Name=dvd::rip Comment=dvd::rip Exec=dvdrip Icon=/usr/share/perl5/Video/DVDRip/icon.xpm Terminal=false Type=Application Categories=Application;AudioVideo;
- Save the edited file (sample)
- Read How to refresh GNOME panel?
Applications -> Sound & Video -> dvd::rip
Q: How to install CD Ripper (Goobox)?
- Read General Notes
- Read How to add extra repositories?
- Read How to install Multimedia Codecs?
sudo apt-get install goobox sudo rm -f /usr/share/applications/goobox.desktop sudo gedit /usr/share/applications/goobox.desktop
- Insert the following lines into the new file
[Desktop Entry] Name=CD Player & Ripper Comment=Play and extract CDs Exec=goobox Icon=goobox.png Terminal=false Type=Application Categories=Application;AudioVideo;
- Save the edited file (sample)
- Read How to refresh GNOME panel?
Applications -> Sound & Video -> CD Player & Ripper
Q: How to install Email Client (Mozilla Thunderbird)?
- Read General Notes
- Read How to add extra repositories?
sudo apt-get install mozilla-thunderbird
- Read How to refresh GNOME panel?
Applications -> Internet -> Thunderbird Mail Client
Q: How to install Newsreader (Pan)?
- Read General Notes
- Read How to add extra repositories?
sudo apt-get install pan
- Read How to refresh GNOME panel?
Applications -> Internet -> Pan Newsreader
Q: How to install RSS/RDF/Atom Newsreader (RSSOwl)?
- Read General Notes
- Read How to install J2SE Runtime Environment (JRE) with Plug-in for Mozilla Firefox?
wget -c http://frankandjacq.com/ubuntuguide/rssowl_linux_1_1_2_bin.tar.gz sudo tar zxvf rssowl_linux_1_1_2_bin.tar.gz -C /opt/ sudo chown -R root:root /opt/rssowl_linux_1_1_2_bin/ sudo gedit /usr/bin/runRSSOwl.sh
- Insert the following lines into the new file
export MOZILLA_FIVE_HOME=/usr/lib/mozilla-firefox export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:${MOZILLA_FIVE_HOME}:${LD_LIBRARY_PATH} cd /opt/rssowl_linux_1_1_2_bin/ ./run.sh
- Save the edited file (sample)
sudo chmod +x /usr/bin/runRSSOwl.sh sudo gedit /usr/share/applications/RSSOwl.desktop
- Insert the following lines into the new file
[Desktop Entry] Name=RSSOwl Comment=RSSOwl Exec=runRSSOwl.sh Icon=/opt/rssowl_linux_1_1_2_bin/rssowl.xpm Terminal=false Type=Application Categories=Application;Network;
- Save the edited file (sample)
- Read How to refresh GNOME panel?
Applications -> Internet -> RSSOwl
Q: How to install Web Authoring System (Nvu)?
- Read General Notes
- Read How to add extra repositories?
sudo apt-get install nvu sudo rm -f /usr/share/applications/nvu.desktop sudo gedit /usr/share/applications/nvu.desktop
- Insert the following lines into the new file
[Desktop Entry] Name=Nvu Comment=Web Development Editor Exec=nvu Icon=nvu.xpm Terminal=false Type=Application Categories=Application;Network;
- Save the edited file (sample)
- Read How to refresh GNOME panel?
Applications -> Internet -> Nvu
Q: How to install Project Management Application (Planner)?
- Read General Notes
- Read How to add extra repositories?
sudo apt-get install planner
- Read How to refresh GNOME panel?
Applications -> Office -> Project Management
Q: How to install Accounting Application (GnuCash)?
- Read General Notes
- Read How to add extra repositories?
sudo apt-get install gnucash sudo rm -fr /usr/share/gnome/apps/Applications/ sudo gedit /usr/share/applications/GnuCash.desktop
- Insert the following lines into the new file
[Desktop Entry] Name=GnuCash Comment=GnuCash Personal Finance Exec=gnucash Icon=/usr/share/pixmaps/gnucash/gnucash-icon.png Terminal=false Type=Application Categories=Application;Office;
- Save the edited file (sample)
- Read How to refresh GNOME panel?
Applications -> Office -> GnuCash
Q: How to install Desktop Publishing Application (Scribus)?
- Read General Notes
- Read How to add extra repositories?
sudo apt-get install scribus
- Read How to refresh GNOME panel?
Applications -> Office -> Scribus
Q: How to install Diagram Editor (Dia)?
- Read General Notes
- Read How to add extra repositories?
sudo apt-get install dia-gnome
- Read How to refresh GNOME panel?
Applications -> Graphics -> Dia
Q: How to install Compiled HTML Help (CHM) Viewer (xCHM)?
- Read General Notes
- Read How to add extra repositories?
sudo apt-get install xchm
- Read How to refresh GNOME panel?
Applications -> Graphics -> xCHM
Q: How to install CD/DVD Burning Application (GnomeBaker)?
- Read General Notes
- Read How to add extra repositories?
sudo apt-get install gnomebaker
- Read How to refresh GNOME panel?
Applications -> Accessories -> GnomeBaker CD/DVD Creator
Q: How to install Dialup PPP Client (GNOME PPP)?
- Read General Notes
- Read How to add extra repositories?
sudo apt-get install gnome-ppp
- Read How to refresh GNOME panel?
Applications -> Internet -> GNOME PPP
Q: How to install Broadband ADSL/PPPoE Client (RP-PPPoE)?
- Read General Notes
- Read How to install Basic Compilers (build-essential)?
wget -c http://frankandjacq.com/ubuntuguide/rp-pppoe-3.5.tar.gz sudo tar zxvf rp-pppoe-3.5.tar.gz -C /opt/ sudo chown -R root:root /opt/rp-pppoe-3.5/ sudo gedit /usr/share/applications/RP-PPPoE.desktop
- Insert the following lines into the new file
[Desktop Entry] Name=RP-PPPoE Comment=RP-PPPoE Exec=gksudo /opt/rp-pppoe-3.5/go-gui Icon= Terminal=false Type=Application Categories=Application;Network;
- Save the edited file (sample)
- Read How to refresh GNOME panel?
Applications -> Internet -> RP-PPPoE
Q: How to install Boot-Up Manager (BUM)?
- Read General Notes
wget -c http://frankandjacq.com/ubuntuguide/bum_1.3.0-1_all.deb sudo dpkg -i bum_1.3.0-1_all.deb
- Read How to refresh GNOME panel?
System -> Administration -> Boot-Up Manager
Q: How to install Partition Editor (GParted)?
- Read General Notes
- Read How to add extra repositories?
sudo apt-get install gparted
- Read How to refresh GNOME panel?
Applications -> System Tools -> GParted
Q: How to install Firewall (Firestarter)?
- Read General Notes
- Read How to add extra repositories?
sudo apt-get install firestarter
- Read How to refresh GNOME panel?
Applications -> System Tools -> Firestarter
Q: How to install Vulnerability Scanner (Nessus)?
- Read General Notes
- Read How to add extra repositories?
sudo apt-get install nessus sudo apt-get install nessusd sudo nessus-adduser sudo ln -fs /etc/init.d/nessusd /etc/rc2.d/S20nessusd sudo /etc/init.d/nessusd start sudo gedit /usr/share/applications/Nessus.desktop
- Insert the following lines into the new file
[Desktop Entry] Name=Nessus Comment=Nessus Exec=nessus Icon=/usr/share/pixmaps/nessus.xpm Terminal=false Type=Application Categories=Application;System;
- Save the edited file (sample)
- Read How to refresh GNOME panel?
Applications -> System Tools -> Nessus
Q: How to install RAR Archiver (rar)?
- Read General Notes
- Read How to add extra repositories?
sudo apt-get install rar sudo ln -fs /usr/bin/rar /usr/bin/unrar
Applications -> Accessories -> Archive Manager
Q: How to install Extra Fonts?
- Read General Notes
- Read How to add extra repositories?
sudo apt-get install xfonts-intl-arabic sudo apt-get install xfonts-intl-asian sudo apt-get install xfonts-intl-chinese sudo apt-get install xfonts-intl-chinese-big sudo apt-get install xfonts-intl-european sudo apt-get install xfonts-intl-japanese sudo apt-get install xfonts-intl-japanese-big sudo apt-get install xfonts-intl-phonetic sudo apt-get install gsfonts-x11 sudo apt-get install msttcorefonts sudo fc-cache -f -v sudo cp /etc/fonts/local.conf /etc/fonts/local.conf_backup sudo gedit /etc/fonts/local.conf
- Find this section
... <!-- Uncomment below to enable the freetype autohinter module --> <!--
<match target="font">
<edit name="autohint" mode="assign">
<bool>true</bool>
</edit>
</match>
--> ...
- Replace with the following lines
<match target="font">
<edit name="autohint" mode="assign">
<bool>true</bool>
</edit>
</match>
- Save the edited file (sample)
- Read How to restart GNOME without rebooting computer?
Q: How to install Chinese Input Method (SCIM)?
- Read General Notes
- Read How to add extra repositories?
- Read How to install Extra Fonts?
sudo apt-get install scim sudo apt-get install scim-chinese sudo apt-get install scim-config-socket sudo apt-get install scim-gtk2-immodule sudo apt-get install scim-tables-zh wget -c http://frankandjacq.com/ubuntuguide/fireflysung-1.3.0.tar.gz sudo tar zxvf fireflysung-1.3.0.tar.gz -C /usr/share/fonts/truetype/ sudo chown -R root:root /usr/share/fonts/truetype/fireflysung-1.3.0/ sudo fc-cache -f -v
System -> Preferences -> SCIM Input Method Setup
- To activate SCIM
Press 'Ctrl + Space'
Q: How to install Desktop Applets (gDesklets)?
- Read General Notes
- Read How to add extra repositories?
sudo apt-get install gdesklets sudo apt-get install gdesklets-data
- Read How to refresh GNOME panel?
Applications -> Accessories -> gDesklets
Q: How to install Game (Frozen-Bubble)?
- Read General Notes
- Read How to add extra repositories?
sudo apt-get install frozen-bubble
- Read How to refresh GNOME panel?
Applications -> Games -> Frozen-Bubble
Q: How to install Basic Compilers (build-essential)?
- Read General Notes
- Read How to add extra repositories?
sudo apt-get install build-essential
Commercial Applications
Q: How to install Windows 9X/ME/2000/XP (Win4Lin)?
Q: How to install Windows Applications (CrossOver Office)?
Q: How to install Windows Games (Cedega)?
Users Administration
Q: How to set/change/enable root user password?
- Read General Notes
sudo passwd root
Q: How to disable root user account?
- Read General Notes
sudo passwd -l root
Q: How to allow root user to login into GNOME?
- Read General Notes
- Read How to set/change/enable root user password?
System -> Administration -> Login Screen Setup
- Login Screen Setup
Security Tab -> Options -> Allow root to login with GDM (Checked)
Q: How to switch to root user in Console mode?
- Read General Notes
sudo -s -H Password: <specify user password>
Q: How to add/edit/delete system users?
- Read General Notes
System -> Administration -> Users and Groups
- Users and Groups
Users Tab -> Add User.../Properties/Delete
Q: How to add/edit/delete system groups?
- Read General Notes
System -> Administration -> Users and Groups
- Users and Groups
Groups Tab -> Add Group.../Properties/Delete
Q: How to automatic login into GNOME (not secure)?
- Read General Notes
System -> Administration -> Login Screen Setup
- Login Screen Setup
General Tab -> Automatic Login -> Login a user automatically on first bootup (Checked) Automatic login username: Select "system_username"
Q: How to allow more sudoers?
- Read General Notes
export EDITOR=gedit && sudo visudo
- Append the following line at the end of file
system_username ALL=(ALL) ALL
- Save the edited file (sample)
Q: How to use "sudo" without prompt for password (not secure)?
- Read General Notes
export EDITOR=gedit && sudo visudo
- Find this line
... system_username ALL=(ALL) ALL ...
- Replace with the following line
system_username ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD: ALL
- Save the edited file (sample)
Q: How to explicitly destroy the "sudo" session?
- Read General Notes
sudo -K
Q: How to change files/folders permissions?
- Read General Notes
Right click on files/folders -> Properties
Permissions Tab -> Read/Write/Execute (Checked the permissions for Owner/Group/Others)
Q: How to change files/folders ownership?
- Read General Notes
sudo chown system_username /location_of_files_or_folders
Q: How to change files/folders group ownership?
- Read General Notes
sudo chgrp system_groupname /location_of_files_or_folders
Hardware
Q: How to install Graphics Driver (NVIDIA)?
- Read General Notes
- Read How to add extra repositories?
sudo apt-get install nvidia-glx sudo apt-get install nvidia-settings sudo cp /etc/X11/xorg.conf /etc/X11/xorg.conf_backup sudo nvidia-glx-config enable sudo gedit /usr/share/applications/NVIDIA-Settings.desktop
- Insert the following lines into the new file
[Desktop Entry] Name=NVIDIA Settings Comment=NVIDIA Settings Exec=nvidia-settings Icon= Terminal=false Type=Application Categories=Application;System;
- Save the edited file (sample)
- Read How to restart GNOME without rebooting computer?
Applications -> System Tools -> NVIDIA Settings
Q: How to disable NVIDIA graphics logo on GNOME startup?
- Read General Notes
- Read How to install Graphics Driver (NVIDIA)?
sudo cp /etc/X11/xorg.conf /etc/X11/xorg.conf_backup sudo gedit /etc/X11/xorg.conf
- Find this section
... Section "Device"
Identifier "NVIDIA Corporation NV11 [GeForce2 MX/MX 400]" Driver "nvidia" BusID "PCI:1:0:0"
...
- Add the following line below it
Option "NoLogo"
- Save the edited file (sample)
- Read How to restart GNOME without rebooting computer?
Q: How to identify Modem chipset?
- Read General Notes
- To install Modem chipset identifier
- Read How to install Basic Compilers (build-essential)?
wget -c http://frankandjacq.com/ubuntuguide/scanModem.gz gunzip -c scanModem.gz > scanModem chmod +x scanModem sudo cp scanModem /usr/bin/
- To identify Modem chipset
sudo scanModem gedit Modem/ModemData.txt
Q: How to install Modem Driver (SmartLink)?
- Read General Notes
- Read How to add extra repositories?
uname -r (must be 2.6.10-5-386) wget -c http://frankandjacq.com/ubuntuguide/sl-modem-modules-2.6.10-5-386_2.9.9a-1ubuntu2+2.6.10-34_i386.deb sudo dpkg -i sl-modem-modules-*.deb sudo apt-get install sl-modem-daemon
Q: How to configure PalmOS Devices?
- Read General Notes
sudo gedit /etc/udev/rules.d/10-custom.rules
- Insert the following line into the new file
BUS="usb", SYSFS{product}="Palm Handheld*", KERNEL="ttyUSB*", NAME{ignore_remove}="pilot", MODE="666"
- Save the edited file (sample)
System -> Preferences -> PalmOS Devices
- Follow the instructions on screen
Q: How to list partition tables?
- Read General Notes
sudo fdisk -l
Q: How to list filesystem disk space usage?
- Read General Notes
df -T -h
Q: How to list mounted devices?
- Read General Notes
mount
Q: How to list PCI devices?
- Read General Notes
lspci
Q: How to list USB devices?
- Read General Notes
lsusb
Q: How to speed up CD/DVD-ROM?
- Read General Notes
e.g. Assumed that /dev/cdrom is the location of CD/DVD-ROM
sudo hdparm -d1 /dev/cdrom sudo cp /etc/hdparm.conf /etc/hdparm.conf_backup sudo gedit /etc/hdparm.conf
- Append the following lines at the end of file
/dev/cdrom {
- dma = on
}
- Save the edited file (sample)
Q: How to mount/unmount CD/DVD-ROM manually, and show all hidden and associated files/folders?
- Read General Notes
e.g. Assumed that /media/cdrom0/ is the location of CD/DVD-ROM
- To mount CD/DVD-ROM
sudo mount /media/cdrom0/ -o unhide
- To unmount CD/DVD-ROM
sudo umount /media/cdrom0/
Q: How to forcefully unmount CD/DVD-ROM manually?
- Read General Notes
e.g. Assumed that /media/cdrom0/ is the location of CD/DVD-ROM
sudo umount /media/cdrom0/ -l
Q: How to remount /etc/fstab without rebooting?
- Read General Notes
sudo mount -a
CD/DVD Burning
Q: How to blank CD-RW/DVD-RW?
- Read General Notes
e.g. Assumed that /dev/cdrom is the location of CD/DVD-ROM
sudo umount /dev/cdrom cdrecord dev=/dev/cdrom blank=fast
Q: How to burn files/folders into CD/DVD?
- Read General Notes
nautilus burn:///
- File Browser: CD/DVD Creator
Drag files/folders into window
File Menu -> Write to Disc... -> Write
Q: How to burn Image (ISO) files into CD/DVD?
- Read General Notes
Right click on Image (ISO) file -> Write to Disc... -> Write
Q: How to duplicate CD/DVD?
- Read General Notes
- Read How to create Image (ISO) files from CD/DVD?
- Read How to burn Image (ISO) files into CD/DVD?
Q: How to create Image (ISO) files from CD/DVD?
- Read General Notes
e.g. Assumed that /dev/cdrom is the location of CD/DVD-ROM
sudo umount /dev/cdrom dd if=/dev/cdrom of=file.iso bs=1024
Q: How to create Image (ISO) files from folders?
- Read General Notes
mkisofs -o file.iso /location_of_folder/
Q: How to generate MD5 checksum files?
- Read General Notes
md5sum file.iso > file.iso.md5
Q: How to check MD5 checksum of files?
- Read General Notes
e.g. Assumed that file.iso and file.iso.md5 are in the same folder
md5sum -c file.iso.md5
Q: How to mount/unmount Image (ISO) files without burning?
- Read General Notes
- To mount Image (ISO) file
sudo mkdir /media/iso sudo modprobe loop sudo mount file.iso /media/iso/ -t iso9660 -o loop
- To unmount Image (ISO) file
sudo umount /media/iso/
Q: How to set/change the burn speed for CD/DVD Burner?
- Read General Notes
Applications -> System Tools -> Configuration Editor
- Configuration Editor
/ -> apps -> nautilus-cd-burner -> default_speed (set/change the burn speed)
Q: How to enable burnproof for CD/DVD Burner?
- Read General Notes
Applications -> System Tools -> Configuration Editor
- Configuration Editor
/ -> apps -> nautilus-cd-burner -> burnproof (Checked)
Q: How to enable overburn for CD/DVD? Burner?
- Read General Notes
Applications -> System Tools -> Configuration Editor
- Configuration Editor
/ -> apps -> nautilus-cd-burner -> overburn (Checked)
Networking
Q: How to activate/deactivate network connections?
- Read General Notes
System -> Administration -> Networking
- Network settings
Connections Tab -> Select "Ethernet connection" -> Activate/Deactivate
Q: How to configure network connections?
- Read General Notes
System -> Administration -> Networking
- Network settings
Connections Tab -> Select "Ethernet connection" -> Properties Connection -> This device is configured (Checked) Connection Settings -> Configuration: Select "DHCP/Static IP address"
DNS Tab -> DNS Servers -> Add/Delete
- Read How to activate/deactivate network connections?
Q: How to configure dialup connections?
- Read General Notes
- To configure dialup
sudo pppconfig
- To connect dialup
sudo pon provider_name
- To disconnect dialup
sudo poff
Q: How to configure broadband connections?
- Read General Notes
sudo pppoeconf
Q: How to change computer name?
- Read General Notes
System -> Administration -> Networking
- Network settings
General Tab -> Host Settings -> Hostname: Specify the computer name
- Save and close all opened applications, Reboot computer
Q: How to change computer descriptions?
- Read General Notes
- Read How to install Samba Server for files/folders sharing service?
sudo cp /etc/samba/smb.conf /etc/samba/smb.conf_backup sudo gedit /etc/samba/smb.conf
- Find this line
...
- server string = %h server (Samba, Ubuntu)
...
- Replace with the following line server string = new_computer_descriptions
- Save the edited file (sample)
sudo testparm sudo /etc/init.d/samba restart
Q: How to change computer Domain/Workgroup?
- Read General Notes
- Read How to install Samba Server for files/folders sharing service?
sudo cp /etc/samba/smb.conf /etc/samba/smb.conf_backup sudo gedit /etc/samba/smb.conf
- Find this line
...
- workgroup = MSHOME
...
- Replace with the following line workgroup = new_domain_or_workgroup
- Save the edited file (sample)
sudo testparm sudo /etc/init.d/samba restart
Q: How to assign Hostname to local machine with dynamic IP using free DynDNS service?
- Read General Notes
- Read How to add extra repositories?
e.g. Assumed that internet connections have been configured properly
Register free Dynamic DNS at https://www.dyndns.org Automatically refresh IP in DynDNS Database/DNS every hour
- * * * * means minute hour date month year
sudo apt-get install ipcheck sudo gedit /root/dyndns_update.sh
- Insert the following lines into the new file
USERNAME=myusername PASSWORD=mypassword HOSTNAME=myhostname.dyndns.org
cd /root/ if [ -f /root/ipcheck.dat ]; then
- ipcheck -r checkip.dyndns.org:8245 $USERNAME $PASSWORD $HOSTNAME
else
- ipcheck --makedat -r checkip.dyndns.org:8245 $USERNAME $PASSWORD $HOSTNAME
fi
- Save the edited file (sample)
sudo chmod 700 /root/dyndns_update.sh sudo sh /root/dyndns_update.sh export EDITOR=gedit && sudo crontab -e
- Append the following line at the end of file
00 * * * * sudo sh /root/dyndns_update.sh
- Save the edited file
Q: How to share folders the easy way?
- Read General Notes
- Read How to install Samba Server for files/folders sharing service?
Right click on folder -> Share folder
Shared folder -> Share with: Select "SMB" Share properties -> Name: Specify the share name
Q: How to browse network computers?
- Read General Notes
e.g. Assumed that network connections have been configured properly
- If computers or network folders could not be found, try access them directly Read How to access network folders without mounting?
Places -> Network Servers
Q: How to access network folders without mounting?
- Read General Notes
e.g. Assumed that network connections have been configured properly
- Network computer's IP: 192.168.0.1 Shared folder's name: linux
Applications -> Run Application...
- Run Application
smb://192.168.0.1/linux
Q: How to mount/unmount network folders manually, and allow all users to read?
- Read General Notes
- Read How to install Samba Server for files/folders sharing service?
e.g. Assumed that network connections have been configured properly
- Network computer's IP: 192.168.0.1 Network computer's Username: myusername Network computer's Password: mypassword Shared folder's name: linux Local mount folder: /media/sharename
- To mount network folder
sudo mkdir /media/sharename sudo mount //192.168.0.1/linux /media/sharename/ -o username=myusername,password=mypassword
- To unmount network folder
sudo umount /media/sharename/
Q: How to mount/unmount network folders manually, and allow all users to read/write?
- Read General Notes
- Read How to install Samba Server for files/folders sharing service?
e.g. Assumed that network connections have been configured properly
- Network computer's IP: 192.168.0.1 Network computer's Username: myusername Network computer's Password: mypassword Shared folder's name: linux Local mount folder: /media/sharename
- To mount network folder
sudo mkdir /media/sharename sudo mount //192.168.0.1/linux /media/sharename/ -o username=myusername,password=mypassword,dmask=777,fmask=777
- To unmount network folder
sudo umount /media/sharename/
Q: How to mount network folders on boot-up, and allow all users to read?
- Read General Notes
- Read How to install Samba Server for files/folders sharing service?
e.g. Assumed that network connections have been configured properly
- Network computer's IP: 192.168.0.1 Network computer's Username: myusername Network computer's Password: mypassword Shared folder's name: linux Local mount folder: /media/sharename
sudo mkdir /media/sharename sudo gedit /root/.smbcredentials
- Insert the following lines into the new file
username=myusername password=mypassword
- Save the edited file (sample)
sudo chmod 700 /root/.smbcredentials sudo cp /etc/fstab /etc/fstab_backup sudo gedit /etc/fstab
- Append the following line at the end of file
//192.168.0.1/linux /media/sharename smbfs credentials=/root/.smbcredentials 0 0
- Save the edited file (sample)
- Read How to remount /etc/fstab without rebooting?
Q: How to mount network folders on boot-up, and allow all users to read/write?
- Read General Notes
- Read How to install Samba Server for files/folders sharing service?
e.g. Assumed that network connections have been configured properly
- Network computer's IP: 192.168.0.1 Network computer's Username: myusername Network computer's Password: mypassword Shared folder's name: linux Local mount folder: /media/sharename
sudo mkdir /media/sharename sudo gedit /root/.smbcredentials
- Insert the following lines into the new file
username=myusername password=mypassword
- Save the edited file (sample)
sudo chmod 700 /root/.smbcredentials sudo cp /etc/fstab /etc/fstab_backup sudo gedit /etc/fstab
- Append the following line at the end of file
//192.168.0.1/linux /media/sharename smbfs credentials=/root/.smbcredentials,dmask=777,fmask=777 0 0
- Save the edited file (sample)
- Read How to remount /etc/fstab without rebooting?
Remote Desktop
Q: How to configure remote desktop (not secure)?
- Read General Notes
Warning! Remote Desktop will only work if there's a GNOME login session
- Leaving computer with an unattended GNOME login session is not secure
Use (System -> Lock Screen) and off the monitor when computer is left unattended
System -> Preferences -> Remote Desktop
- Remote Desktop Preferences
Sharing -> Allow other users to view your desktop (Checked) Allow other users to control your desktop (Checked)
Security -> Ask you for confirmation (Un-Checked) Require the user to enter this password: (Checked) Password: Specify the password
Q: How to connect into remote Ubuntu desktop?
- Read General Notes
e.g. Assumed that remote Ubuntu machine have configured Remote Desktop
- Read How to configure remote desktop (not secure)? Remote Ubuntu machine: 192.168.0.1
vncviewer -fullscreen 192.168.0.1:0
- To quit vncviewer
Press 'F8' -> Quit viewer
Q: How to connect into remote Ubuntu desktop via Windows machine?
- Read General Notes
e.g. Assumed that remote Ubuntu machine have configured Remote Desktop
- Read How to configure remote desktop (not secure)? Remote Ubuntu machine: 192.168.0.1
- Download VNC Viewer: Here
Windows
Q: How to mount/unmount Windows partitions (NTFS) manually, and allow all users to read only?
- Read General Notes
- Read How to list partition tables?
e.g. Assumed that /dev/hda1 is the location of Windows partition (NTFS)
- Local mount folder: /media/windows
- To mount Windows partition
sudo mkdir /media/windows sudo mount /dev/hda1 /media/windows/ -t ntfs -o nls=utf8,umask=0222
- To unmount Windows partition
sudo umount /media/windows/
Q: How to mount/unmount Windows partitions (FAT) manually, and allow all users to read/write?
- Read General Notes
- Read How to list partition tables?
e.g. Assumed that /dev/hda1 is the location of Windows partition (FAT)
- Local mount folder: /media/windows
- To mount Windows partition
sudo mkdir /media/windows sudo mount /dev/hda1 /media/windows/ -t vfat -o iocharset=utf8,umask=000
- To unmount Windows partition
sudo umount /media/windows/
Q: How to mount Windows partitions (NTFS) on boot-up, and allow all users to read only?
- Read General Notes
- Read How to list partition tables?
e.g. Assumed that /dev/hda1 is the location of Windows partition (NTFS)
- Local mount folder: /media/windows
sudo mkdir /media/windows sudo cp /etc/fstab /etc/fstab_backup sudo gedit /etc/fstab
- Append the following line at the end of file
/dev/hda1 /media/windows ntfs nls=utf8,umask=0222 0 0
- Save the edited file (sample)
- Read How to remount /etc/fstab without rebooting?
Q: How to mount Windows partitions (FAT) on boot-up, and allow all users to read/write?
- Read General Notes
- Read How to list partition tables?
e.g. Assumed that /dev/hda1 is the location of Windows partition (FAT)
- Local mount folder: /media/windows
sudo mkdir /media/windows sudo cp /etc/fstab /etc/fstab_backup sudo gedit /etc/fstab
- Append the following line at the end of file
/dev/hda1 /media/windows vfat iocharset=utf8,umask=000 0 0
- Save the edited file (sample)
- Read How to remount /etc/fstab without rebooting?
Security
Q: What are the basic things I need to know about securing my Ubuntu?
- Read General Notes
- Ensure hard drive is first in BIOS boot-up sequence
- To prevent trespassers from using Linux Installation CD which allows them to gain root user access
- To prevent trespassers from using Linux Live CD (e.g. UBUNTU/KNOPPIX/MEPIS) which allows them to destroy/browse/share the entire hard drive
- To prevent trespassers from installing another Operating System
- Ensure a password is set for BIOS
- To prevent trespassers from changing the BIOS boot-up sequence
- Ensure computer is located at a secured place
- To prevent trespassers from removing computer's hard drive which allows them to destroy/browse/share the entire hard drive from a different computer
- To prevent trespassers from removing computer's on-board battery which resets the BIOS password
- Ensure passwords used on the system cannot be easily guessed
- To prevent trespassers from cracking password file using brute force attacks (e.g. John the Ripper)
- Create password with minimum length of 8 characters
- Create password with mixture of characters/numbers, and upper/lower case
- Ensure interactive editing control for GRUB menu is disabled
- To prevent trespassers from modifying kernel boot-up arguments which allows them to have root user access
- Read How to disable all interactive editing control for GRUB menu?
- Ensure history listing is disabled in Console mode
- To prevent trespassers from seeing previously issued commands
- Read How to disable history listing in Console mode?
- Ensure Ctrl+Alt+Del is disabled in Console mode
- To prevent trespassers from restarting the system without permission in Console mode
- Read How to disable Ctrl+Alt+Del from restarting computer in Console mode?
- Ensure interactive option is set for remove, copy and move of files/folders in Console mode
- To prevent accidental removal/overwritten of files/folders
- Read How to enable prompt before removal/overwritten of files/folders in Console mode?
- For day to day usage, login as a normal user
- To prevent accidental deletion/modification of system files/folders
- Read How to add/edit/delete system users?
- Disable root user account, use "sudo" instead
- To reduce the amount of time spent with root privileges, and thus the risk of inadvertently executing a command as root
- "sudo" provides a more useful audit trail (/var/log/auth.log)
- Read How to disable root user account?
- Install a Firewall
- A firewall does not guarantee security but it is in most environments the first line of defense against network based attacks
- Read How to install Firewall (Firestarter)?
- Perform vulnerability test
- Nessus is a great tool designed to automate the testing and discovery of known security problems
- Read How to install Vulnerability Scanner (Nessus)?
Q: How to disable all interactive editing control for GRUB menu?
- Read General Notes
grub
grub> md5crypt Password: ****** (ubuntu) Encrypted: $1$ZWnke0$1fzDBVjUcT1Mpdd4u/T961 (encrypted password) grub> quit
sudo cp /boot/grub/menu.lst /boot/grub/menu.lst_backup sudo gedit /boot/grub/menu.lst
- Find this section
...
# If used in the first section of a menu file, disable all interactive editing # control (menu entry editor and command-line) and entries protected by the # command 'lock' # e.g. password topsecret # password --md5 $1$gLhU0/$aW78kHK1QfV3P2b2znUoe/ # password topsecret ...
- Add the following line below it
password --md5 $1$ZWnke0$1fzDBVjUcT1Mpdd4u/T961 (encrypted password above)
- Find this section
... title Ubuntu, kernel 2.6.10-5-386 (recovery mode) root (hd0,1) kernel /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.10-5-386 root=/dev/hda2 ro single initrd /boot/initrd.img-2.6.10-5-386 savedefault boot ...
- Replace with the following lines
#title Ubuntu, kernel 2.6.10-5-386 (recovery mode) #root (hd0,1) #kernel /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.10-5-386 root=/dev/hda2 ro single #initrd /boot/initrd.img-2.6.10-5-386 #savedefault #boot
- Save the edited file (sample)
Q: How to disable history listing in Console mode?
- Read General Notes
rm -f $HOME/.bash_history touch $HOME/.bash_history chmod 000 $HOME/.bash_history
Q: How to disable Ctrl+Alt+Del from restarting computer in Console mode?
- Read General Notes
sudo cp /etc/inittab /etc/inittab_backup sudo gedit /etc/inittab
- Find this line
... ca:12345:ctrlaltdel:/sbin/shutdown -t1 -a -r now ...
- Replace with the following line
#ca:12345:ctrlaltdel:/sbin/shutdown -t1 -a -r now
- Save the edited file (sample)
sudo telinit q
Q: How to enable prompt before removal/overwritten of files/folders in Console mode?
- Read General Notes
sudo cp /etc/bash.bashrc /etc/bash.bashrc_backup sudo gedit /etc/bash.bashrc
- Append the following lines at the end of file
alias rm='rm -i' alias cp='cp -i' alias mv='mv -i'
- Save the edited file (sample)
Rescue Mode
Q: How to gain root user access without login?
- Read General Notes
- Easiest method (will not work if GRUB menu password is set)
- Boot-up computer
- If GRUB menu is hidden, press 'Esc' to enter the GRUB menu
- Select
Ubuntu, kernel 2.6.10-5-386 (recovery mode)
- Press 'Enter' to boot
- Other methods
- Read How to modify kernel boot-up arguments, to gain root user access?
- Read How to use Ubuntu Installation CD, to gain root user access?
Q: How to modify kernel boot-up arguments, to gain root user access?
- Read General Notes
- Boot-up computer
- If GRUB menu is hidden, press 'Esc' to enter the GRUB menu
- If GRUB password is set, press 'p' to unlock the GRUB menu
- Select
Ubuntu, kernel 2.6.10-5-386
- Press 'e' to edit the commands before booting
- Select
kernel /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.10-5-386 root=/dev/hda2 ro quiet splash
- Press 'e' to edit the selected command in the boot sequence
- Add "rw init=/bin/bash" to the end of the arguments
grub edit> kernel /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.10-5-386 root=/dev/hda2 ro quiet splash rw init=/bin/bash
- Press 'b' to boot
Q: How to use Ubuntu Installation CD, to gain root user access?
- Read General Notes
- Boot-up computer into Ubuntu Installation CD
- At "boot:" prompt, add "rescue" to the argument
boot: rescue
- Follow the instructions on screen
Q: How to change root user/main user password if forgotten?
- Read General Notes
- Read How to gain root user access without login?
- To change root user password
# passwd root
- To change main user password
# passwd system_main_username
Q: How to change GRUB menu password if forgotten?
- Read General Notes
grub
grub> md5crypt Password: ****** (ubuntu) Encrypted: $1$ZWnke0$1fzDBVjUcT1Mpdd4u/T961 (encrypted password) grub> quit
sudo cp /boot/grub/menu.lst /boot/grub/menu.lst_backup sudo gedit /boot/grub/menu.lst
- Find this line
... password --md5 $1$gLhU0/$aW78kHK1QfV3P2b2znUoe/ ...
- Replace with the following line
password --md5 $1$ZWnke0$1fzDBVjUcT1Mpdd4u/T961 (encrypted password above)
- Save the edited file (sample)
Q: How to restore GRUB menu after Windows installation?
- Read General Notes
- Read How to use Ubuntu Installation CD, to gain root user access?
e.g. Assumed that /dev/hda is the location of /boot partition
# grub-install /dev/hda
Q: How to add Windows entry into GRUB menu?
- Read General Notes
- Read How to list partition tables?
e.g. Assumed that /dev/hda1 is the location of Windows partition
sudo cp /boot/grub/menu.lst /boot/grub/menu.lst_backup sudo gedit /boot/grub/menu.lst
- Append the following lines at the end of file
title Microsoft Windows root (hd0,0) savedefault makeactive chainloader +1
- Save the edited file (sample)
Q: How to read Linux partitions (ext2, ext3) in Windows machine?
- Read General Notes
- Download Explore2fs: Here
Tips & Tricks
Q: How to restart GNOME without rebooting computer?
- Read General Notes
- Save and close all opened applications
Press 'Ctrl + Alt + Backspace'
- or
sudo /etc/init.d/gdm restart
Q: How to turn on Num Lock on GNOME startup?
- Read General Notes
- Read How to add extra repositories?
sudo apt-get install numlockx sudo cp /etc/X11/gdm/Init/Default /etc/X11/gdm/Init/Default_backup sudo gedit /etc/X11/gdm/Init/Default
- Find this line
... exit 0
- Add the following lines above it
if [ -x /usr/bin/numlockx ]; then
- /usr/bin/numlockx on
fi
- Save the edited file (sample)
- Read How to restart GNOME without rebooting computer?
Q: How to run programs on startup when login into GNOME?
- Read General Notes
System -> Preferences -> Sessions
- Sessions
Startup Programs Tab -> Add/Edit/Delete
Q: How to switch to Console mode in GNOME?
- Read General Notes
- To switch to Console mode
Press 'Ctrl + Alt + F1' (F2 - F6)
- To switch back to GNOME mode
Press 'Ctrl + Alt + F7'
Q: How to disable Ctrl+Alt+Backspace from restarting X in GNOME?
- Read General Notes
sudo cp /etc/X11/xorg.conf /etc/X11/xorg.conf_backup sudo gedit /etc/X11/xorg.conf
- Append the following lines at the end of file
Section "ServerFlags"
Option "DontZap" "yes"
- Save the edited file (sample)
- Read How to restart GNOME without rebooting computer?
Q: How to enable Ctrl+Alt+Del to open System Monitor in GNOME?
- Read General Notes
gconftool-2 -t str --set /apps/metacity/global_keybindings/run_command_9 "<Control><Alt>Delete" gconftool-2 -t str --set /apps/metacity/keybinding_commands/command_9 "gnome-system-monitor"
Q: How to refresh GNOME desktop?
- Read General Notes
killall nautilus
Q: How to refresh GNOME panel?
- Read General Notes
killall gnome-panel
Q: How to open each folder in the same window in Nautilus?
- Read General Notes
Applications -> System Tools -> Configuration Editor
- Configuration Editor
/ -> apps -> nautilus -> preferences -> always_use_browser (Checked)
Q: How to show all hidden files/folders in Nautilus?
- Read General Notes
Places -> Home Folder
- To temporary show all hidden files/folders in Nautilus
Press 'Ctrl + H'
- To permanently show all hidden files/folders in Nautilus
Edit Menu -> Preferences
Views Tab -> Default View -> Show hidden and backup files (Checked)
Q: How to browse files/folders as root user in Nautilus?
- Read General Notes
- To install File Browser (Root)
sudo gedit /usr/share/applications/Nautilus-root.desktop
- Insert the following lines into the new file
[Desktop Entry] Name=File Browser (Root) Comment=Browse the filesystem with the file manager Exec=gksudo "nautilus --browser %U" Icon=file-manager Terminal=false Type=Application Categories=Application;System;
- Save the edited file (sample)
- Read How to refresh GNOME panel?
- To browse files/folders as root user in Nautilus
Applications -> System Tools -> File Browser (Root)
Q: How to show Desktop Icons (Computer, Home, Trash)?
- Read General Notes
Applications -> System Tools -> Configuration Editor
- Configuration Editor
/ -> apps -> nautilus -> desktop -> computer_icon_visible (Checked) home_icon_visible (Checked) trash_icon_visible (Checked)
Q: How to change default file type "Open with" program?
- Read General Notes
Right click on file -> Properties
Open With Tab -> Add Select "Open with" program
Select "Open with" program (Checked)
Q: How to change preferred email client to Mozilla Thunderbird?
- Read General Notes
- Read How to install Email Client (Mozilla Thunderbird)?
System -> Preferences -> Preferred Applications
- Preferred Applications
Mail Reader Tab -> Default Mail Reader -> Command: mozilla-thunderbird %s
Q: How to open files as root user via right click?
- Read General Notes
gedit $HOME/.gnome2/nautilus-scripts/Open\ as\ root
- Insert the following lines into the new file
for uri in $NAUTILUS_SCRIPT_SELECTED_URIS; do
gnome-sudo "gnome-open $uri" &
done
- Save the edited file (sample)
chmod +x $HOME/.gnome2/nautilus-scripts/Open\ as\ root
Right click on file -> Scripts -> Open as root
Q: How to disable beep sound in Terminal mode?
- Read General Notes
Applications -> System Tools -> Terminal
- Terminal
Edit Menu -> Current Profile...
General Tab -> General -> Terminal bell (Un-Checked)
Q: How to load Web site faster in Mozilla Firefox?
- Read General Notes
Applications -> Internet -> Firefox Web Browser
- Mozilla Firefox
Address Bar -> about:config
Filter: -> network.dns.disableIPv6 -> true network.http.pipelining -> true network.http.pipelining.maxrequests -> 8 network.http.proxy.pipelining -> true
- Restart Mozilla Firefox
Q: How to disable beep sound for link find function in Mozilla Firefox?
- Read General Notes
Applications -> Internet -> Firefox Web Browser
- Mozilla Firefox
Address Bar -> about:config
Filter: -> accessibility.typeaheadfind.enablesound -> false
- Restart Mozilla Firefox
Q: How to restore the original icons for Mozilla Firefox?
- Read General Notes
wget -c http://frankandjacq.com/ubuntuguide/mozilla-firefox.png wget -c http://frankandjacq.com/ubuntuguide/document.png chmod 644 mozilla-firefox.png chmod 644 document.png sudo dpkg-divert --rename /usr/share/pixmaps/mozilla-firefox.png sudo dpkg-divert --rename /usr/share/pixmaps/mozilla-firefox.xpm sudo dpkg-divert --rename /usr/lib/mozilla-firefox/icons/default.xpm sudo dpkg-divert --rename /usr/lib/mozilla-firefox/icons/document.png sudo dpkg-divert --rename /usr/lib/mozilla-firefox/chrome/icons/default/default.xpm sudo cp mozilla-firefox.png /usr/share/pixmaps/mozilla-firefox.png sudo cp mozilla-firefox.png /usr/share/pixmaps/mozilla-firefox.xpm sudo cp mozilla-firefox.png /usr/lib/mozilla-firefox/icons/default.xpm sudo cp document.png /usr/lib/mozilla-firefox/icons/document.png sudo cp mozilla-firefox.png /usr/lib/mozilla-firefox/chrome/icons/default/default.xpm
- Read How to restart GNOME without rebooting computer?
Q: How to restore the original icons for Mozilla Thunderbird?
- Read General Notes
wget -c http://frankandjacq.com/ubuntuguide/mozilla-thunderbird.xpm chmod 644 mozilla-thunderbird.xpm sudo dpkg-divert --rename /usr/share/pixmaps/mozilla-thunderbird.xpm sudo dpkg-divert --rename /usr/share/pixmaps/mozilla-thunderbird-menu.xpm sudo dpkg-divert --rename /usr/share/pixmaps/mozilla-thunderbird-pm-menu.xpm sudo dpkg-divert --rename /usr/lib/mozilla-thunderbird/chrome/icons/default/mozilla-thunderbird.xpm sudo dpkg-divert --rename /usr/lib/mozilla-thunderbird/chrome/icons/default/messengerWindow16.xpm sudo dpkg-divert --rename /usr/lib/mozilla-thunderbird/chrome/icons/default/messengerWindow.xpm sudo dpkg-divert --rename /usr/lib/mozilla-thunderbird/chrome/icons/default/default.xpm sudo cp mozilla-thunderbird.xpm /usr/share/pixmaps/mozilla-thunderbird.xpm sudo cp mozilla-thunderbird.xpm /usr/share/pixmaps/mozilla-thunderbird-menu.xpm sudo cp mozilla-thunderbird.xpm /usr/share/pixmaps/mozilla-thunderbird-pm-menu.xpm sudo cp mozilla-thunderbird.xpm /usr/lib/mozilla-thunderbird/chrome/icons/default/mozilla-thunderbird.xpm sudo cp mozilla-thunderbird.xpm /usr/lib/mozilla-thunderbird/chrome/icons/default/messengerWindow16.xpm sudo cp mozilla-thunderbird.xpm /usr/lib/mozilla-thunderbird/chrome/icons/default/messengerWindow.xpm sudo cp mozilla-thunderbird.xpm /usr/lib/mozilla-thunderbird/chrome/icons/default/default.xpm
- Read How to restart GNOME without rebooting computer?
Q: How to apt-get the easy way (Synaptic)?
- Read General Notes
System -> Administration -> Synaptic Package Manager
- Synaptic Package Manager
- To refresh the list of known packages (equivalent to apt-get update)
Edit Menu -> Reload Package Information
- To install all possible upgrades (equivalent to apt-get upgrade)
Edit Menu -> Mark All Upgrades... -> Default Upgrade Edit Menu -> Apply Marked Changes
- To search for a package (equivalent to apt-cache search package_name)
Edit Menu -> Search... Specify the package name
- To install the selected package (equivalent to apt-get install package_name)
Select "package_name"
Package Menu -> Mark for Installation Edit Menu -> Apply Marked Changes
- To remove installed package (equivalent to apt-get remove package_name)
Select "package_name"
Package Menu -> Mark for Removal Edit Menu -> Apply Marked Changes
Q: How to install/uninstall .deb files?
- Read General Notes
- To install .deb file
sudo dpkg -i package_file.deb
- To uninstall .deb file
sudo dpkg -r package_name
Q: How to convert .rpm files to .deb files?
- Read General Notes
sudo alien package_file.rpm
Q: How to rename all files in directory at once?
- Read General Notes
- To install "mvb" file name renamer
wget -c http://frankandjacq.com/ubuntuguide/mvb_1.6.tgz sudo tar zxvf mvb_1.6.tgz -C /usr/share/ sudo chown -R root:root /usr/share/mvb_1.6/ sudo ln -fs /usr/share/mvb_1.6/mvb /usr/bin/mvb
- To rename all files in directory at once
mvb NEW_NAME
Q: How to manipulate all image files in directory at once?
- Read General Notes
- To install bash batch image processing script
- Read How to add extra repositories?
sudo apt-get install imagemagick wget -c http://frankandjacq.com/ubuntuguide/bbips.0.3.2.sh sudo cp bbips.0.3.2.sh /usr/bin/bbips sudo chmod 755 /usr/bin/bbips
- To manipulate all image files in directory at once
bbips
Q: How to set System-wide Environment Variables?
- Read General Notes
sudo cp /etc/bash.bashrc /etc/bash.bashrc_backup sudo gedit /etc/bash.bashrc
- Append the System-wide Environment Variables at the end of file
- Save the edited file
Q: How to save "man" outputs into files?
- Read General Notes
man command | col -b > file.txt
Q: How to hide GRUB menu on boot-up?
- Read General Notes
sudo cp /boot/grub/menu.lst /boot/grub/menu.lst_backup sudo gedit /boot/grub/menu.lst
- Find this line
... #hiddenmenu ...
- Replace with the following line
hiddenmenu
- Save the edited file (sample)
Q: How to change the timeout seconds for GRUB menu on boot-up?
- Read General Notes
sudo cp /boot/grub/menu.lst /boot/grub/menu.lst_backup sudo gedit /boot/grub/menu.lst
- Find this line
... timeout 3 ...
- Replace with the following line
timeout X_seconds
- Save the edited file (sample)
Q: How to change default Operating System boot-up for GRUB menu?
- Read General Notes
sudo cp /boot/grub/menu.lst /boot/grub/menu.lst_backup sudo gedit /boot/grub/menu.lst
- Find this line
... default 0 ...
- Replace with the following line
default X_sequence
- Save the edited file (sample)
Q: How to display Splash Image for GRUB menu on boot-up?
- Read General Notes
e.g. Assumed that hd0,1 is the location of Ubuntu boot partition
wget -c http://frankandjacq.com/ubuntuguide/ubuntu.xpm.gz chmod 644 ubuntu.xpm.gz sudo mkdir /boot/grub/images sudo cp ubuntu.xpm.gz /boot/grub/images/ sudo cp /boot/grub/menu.lst /boot/grub/menu.lst_backup sudo gedit /boot/grub/menu.lst
- Find this section
# menu.lst - See: grub(8), info grub, update-grub(8) # grub-install(8), grub-floppy(8), # grub-md5-crypt, /usr/share/doc/grub # and /usr/share/doc/grub-doc/. ...
- Add the following line below it
splashimage (hd0,1)/boot/grub/images/ubuntu.xpm.gz
- Save the edited file (sample)
Q: How to convert Wallpaper to Splash Image for GRUB menu?
- Read General Notes
e.g. Assumed that wallpaper.png is the Wallpaper to be converted to Splash Image
- splashimage.xpm.gz is the Splash Image for GRUB menu
convert -resize 640x480 -colors 14 wallpaper.png splashimage.xpm && gzip splashimage.xpm
- Read How to display Splash Image for GRUB menu on boot-up? (use splashimage.xpm.gz instead of ubuntu.xpm.gz)
Q: How to temporary skip boot-up services?
- Read General Notes
Press 'Ctrl + C'
Q: How to permanently disable/enable boot-up services?
- Read General Notes
- Read How to install Boot-Up Manager (BUM)?
Q: How to clean /tmp/ folder contents on shutdown?
- Read General Notes
sudo cp /etc/init.d/sysklogd /etc/init.d/sysklogd_backup sudo gedit /etc/init.d/sysklogd
- Find this section
...
- stop)
- log_begin_msg "Stopping system log daemon..." start-stop-daemon --stop --quiet --oknodo --exec $binpath --pidfile $pidfile log_end_msg $?
...
- Add the following line below it
- rm -fr /tmp/* /tmp/.??*
- Save the edited file (sample)
Q: How to scroll up and down to view previous outputs in Console mode?
- Read General Notes
- To scroll up to view previously outputs
Press 'Shift + Page Up'
- To scroll down to view previously outputs
Press 'Shift + Page Down'
AntiVirus Server
Q: How to install ClamAV AntiVirus Server?
- Read General Notes
- Read How to add extra repositories?
sudo apt-get install clamav
Q: How to manually update virus databases?
- Read General Notes
Read How to install ClamAV AntiVirus Server?
sudo freshclam
Q: How to manually scan files/folders for viruses?
- Read General Notes
Read How to install ClamAV AntiVirus Server?
sudo clamscan -r /location_of_files_or_folders
Q: How to automatically scan files/folders for viruses?
- Read General Notes
Read How to install ClamAV AntiVirus Server?
e.g. Automatically scan files/folders for viruses at midnight everyday
- * * * * means minute hour date month year
export EDITOR=gedit && sudo crontab -e
- Append the following line at the end of file
00 00 * * * sudo clamscan -r /location_of_files_or_folders
- Save the edited file
Samba Server
Q: How to install Samba Server for files/folders sharing service?
- Read General Notes
- Read How to add extra repositories?
sudo apt-get install samba sudo apt-get install smbfs
Q: How to add/edit/delete network users?
- Read General Notes
- Read How to install Samba Server for files/folders sharing service?
- To add network user
- Read How to add/edit/delete system users?
smbpasswd -a system_username sudo gedit /etc/samba/smbusers
- Insert the following line into the new file
system_username = "network username"
- Save the edited file (sample)
- To edit network user
sudo smbpasswd -a system_username
- To delete network user
sudo smbpasswd -x system_username
Q: How to share home folders with read only permission (Authentication=Yes)?
- Read General Notes
- Read How to install Samba Server for files/folders sharing service?
sudo cp /etc/samba/smb.conf /etc/samba/smb.conf_backup sudo gedit /etc/samba/smb.conf
- Find this line
... ; security = user ...
- Replace with the following lines security = user username map = /etc/samba/smbusers
- Save the edited file (sample)
- Read How to add/edit/delete network users?
sudo testparm sudo /etc/init.d/samba restart
Q: How to share home folders with read/write permissions (Authentication=Yes)?
- Read General Notes
- Read How to install Samba Server for files/folders sharing service?
sudo cp /etc/samba/smb.conf /etc/samba/smb.conf_backup sudo gedit /etc/samba/smb.conf
- Find this line
... ; security = user ...
- Replace with the following lines security = user username map = /etc/samba/smbusers
- Find this section
... # By default, the home directories are exported read-only. Change next # parameter to 'yes' if you want to be able to write to them.
- writable = no
...
- Replace with the following lines
# By default, the home directories are exported read-only. Change next # parameter to 'yes' if you want to be able to write to them.
- writable = yes
- Save the edited file (sample)
- Read How to add/edit/delete network users?
sudo testparm sudo /etc/init.d/samba restart
Q: How to share group folders with read only permission (Authentication=Yes)?
- Read General Notes
- Read How to install Samba Server for files/folders sharing service?
sudo mkdir /home/group sudo chmod 777 /home/group/ sudo cp /etc/samba/smb.conf /etc/samba/smb.conf_backup sudo gedit /etc/samba/smb.conf
- Find this line
... ; security = user ...
- Replace with the following lines security = user username map = /etc/samba/smbusers
- Append the following lines at the end of file
[Group]
- comment = Group Folder path = /home/group public = yes writable = no valid users = system_username1 system_username2 create mask = 0700 directory mask = 0700 force user = nobody force group = nogroup
- Save the edited file (sample)
- Read How to add/edit/delete network users?
sudo testparm sudo /etc/init.d/samba restart
Q: How to share group folders with read/write permissions (Authentication=Yes)?
- Read General Notes
- Read How to install Samba Server for files/folders sharing service?
sudo mkdir /home/group sudo chmod 777 /home/group/ sudo cp /etc/samba/smb.conf /etc/samba/smb.conf_backup sudo gedit /etc/samba/smb.conf
- Find this line
... ; security = user ...
- Replace with the following lines security = user username map = /etc/samba/smbusers
- Append the following lines at the end of file
[Group]
- comment = Group Folder path = /home/group public = yes writable = yes valid users = system_username1 system_username2 create mask = 0700 directory mask = 0700 force user = nobody force group = nogroup
- Save the edited file (sample)
- Read How to add/edit/delete network users?
sudo testparm sudo /etc/init.d/samba restart
Q: How to share public folders with read only permission (Authentication=Yes)?
- Read General Notes
- Read How to install Samba Server for files/folders sharing service?
sudo mkdir /home/public sudo chmod 777 /home/public/ sudo cp /etc/samba/smb.conf /etc/samba/smb.conf_backup sudo gedit /etc/samba/smb.conf
- Find this line
... ; security = user ...
- Replace with the following lines security = user username map = /etc/samba/smbusers
- Append the following lines at the end of file
[public]
- comment = Public Folder path = /home/public public = yes writable = no create mask = 0777 directory mask = 0777 force user = nobody force group = nogroup
- Save the edited file (sample)
- Read How to add/edit/delete network users?
sudo testparm sudo /etc/init.d/samba restart
Q: How to share public folders with read/write permissions (Authentication=Yes)?
- Read General Notes
- Read How to install Samba Server for files/folders sharing service?
sudo mkdir /home/public sudo chmod 777 /home/public/ sudo cp /etc/samba/smb.conf /etc/samba/smb.conf_backup sudo gedit /etc/samba/smb.conf
- Find this line
... ; security = user ...
- Replace with the following lines security = user username map = /etc/samba/smbusers
- Append the following lines at the end of file
[public]
- comment = Public Folder path = /home/public public = yes writable = yes create mask = 0777 directory mask = 0777 force user = nobody force group = nogroup
- Save the edited file (sample)
- Read How to add/edit/delete network users?
sudo testparm sudo /etc/init.d/samba restart
Q: How to share public folders with read only permission (Authentication=No)?
- Read General Notes
- Read How to install Samba Server for files/folders sharing service?
sudo mkdir /home/public sudo chmod 777 /home/public/ sudo cp /etc/samba/smb.conf /etc/samba/smb.conf_backup sudo gedit /etc/samba/smb.conf
- Find this line
... ; security = user ...
- Replace with the following line security = share
- Append the following lines at the end of file
[public]
- comment = Public Folder path = /home/public public = yes writable = no create mask = 0777 directory mask = 0777 force user = nobody force group = nogroup
- Save the edited file (sample)
sudo testparm sudo /etc/init.d/samba restart
Q: How to share public folders with read/write permissions (Authentication=No)?
- Read General Notes
- Read How to install Samba Server for files/folders sharing service?
sudo mkdir /home/public sudo chmod 777 /home/public/ sudo cp /etc/samba/smb.conf /etc/samba/smb.conf_backup sudo gedit /etc/samba/smb.conf
- Find this line
... ; security = user ...
- Replace with the following line security = share
- Append the following lines at the end of file
[public]
- comment = Public Folder path = /home/public public = yes writable = yes create mask = 0777 directory mask = 0777 force user = nobody force group = nogroup
- Save the edited file (sample)
sudo testparm sudo /etc/init.d/samba restart
SSH Server
Q: How to install SSH Server for remote administration service?
- Read General Notes
- Read How to add extra repositories?
sudo apt-get install ssh
Q: How to SSH into remote Ubuntu machine?
- Read General Notes
e.g. Assumed that remote Ubuntu machine have installed SSH Server service
- Read How to install SSH Server for remote administration service? Remote Ubuntu machine: 192.168.0.1
Q: How to copy files/folders from remote Ubuntu machine into local machine (scp)?
- Read General Notes
e.g. Assumed that remote Ubuntu machine have installed SSH Server service
- Read How to install SSH Server for remote administration service? Remote Ubuntu machine: 192.168.0.1 Remote files/folders location: /home/username/remotefile.txt Local machine save location: . (current directory)
scp -r username@192.168.0.1:/home/username/remotefile.txt .
Q: How to copy files/folders from local machine into remote Ubuntu machine (scp)?
- Read General Notes
e.g. Assumed that remote Ubuntu machine have installed SSH Server service
- Read How to install SSH Server for remote administration service? Local files/folders location: localfile.txt Remote Ubuntu machine: 192.168.0.1 Remote Ubuntu machine save location: /home/username/
scp -r localfile.txt username@192.168.0.1:/home/username/
Q: How to copy files/folders from remote Ubuntu machine into local machine (rsync)?
- Read General Notes
e.g. Assumed that remote Ubuntu machine have installed SSH Server service
- Read How to install SSH Server for remote administration service? Remote Ubuntu machine: 192.168.0.1 Remote files/folders location: /home/username/remotefile.txt Local machine save location: . (current directory)
rsync -v -u -a --delete --rsh=ssh --stats username@192.168.0.1:/home/username/remotefile.txt .
Q: How to copy files/folders from local machine into remote Ubuntu machine (rsync)?
- Read General Notes
e.g. Assumed that remote Ubuntu machine have installed SSH Server service
- Read How to install SSH Server for remote administration service? Local files/folders location: localfile.txt Remote Ubuntu machine: 192.168.0.1 Remote Ubuntu machine save location: /home/username/
rsync -v -u -a --delete --rsh=ssh --stats localfile.txt username@192.168.0.1:/home/username/
Q: How to SSH into remote Ubuntu machine via Windows machine?
- Read General Notes
e.g. Assumed that remote Ubuntu machine have installed SSH Server service
- Read How to install SSH Server for remote administration service?
- Download PuTTY: Here
Q: How to copy files/folders from/into remote Ubuntu machine via Windows machine?
- Read General Notes
e.g. Assumed that remote Ubuntu machine have installed SSH Server service
- Read How to install SSH Server for remote administration service?
- Download WinSCP: Here
DHCP Server
Q: How to install DHCP Server for automatic IP addresses assignment?
- Read General Notes
- Read How to add extra repositories?
e.g. Assumed that "eth0" is the interface for network card
- IP Address Range: 192.168.0.100 to 192.168.0.200 Subnet Mask: 255.255.255.0 DNS Servers: 202.188.0.133, 202.188.1.5 Domains: tm.net.my Gateway Address: 192.168.0.1
sudo apt-get install dhcp3-server sudo cp /etc/default/dhcp3-server /etc/default/dhcp3-server_backup sudo gedit /etc/default/dhcp3-server
- Find this line
... INTERFACES=""
- Replace with the following line
INTERFACES="eth0"
- Save the edited file (sample)
sudo cp /etc/dhcp3/dhcpd.conf /etc/dhcp3/dhcpd.conf_backup sudo gedit /etc/dhcp3/dhcpd.conf
- Find this section
... # option definitions common to all supported networks... option domain-name "example.org"; option domain-name-servers ns1.example.org, ns2.example.org;
default-lease-time 600; max-lease-time 7200; ...
- Replace with the following lines
# option definitions common to all supported networks... #option domain-name "example.org"; #option domain-name-servers ns1.example.org, ns2.example.org;
#default-lease-time 600; #max-lease-time 7200;
- Find this section
... # A slightly different configuration for an internal subnet. #subnet 10.5.5.0 netmask 255.255.255.224 { # range 10.5.5.26 10.5.5.30; # option domain-name-servers ns1.internal.example.org; # option domain-name "internal.example.org"; # option routers 10.5.5.1; # option broadcast-address 10.5.5.31; # default-lease-time 600; # max-lease-time 7200; #} ...
- Replace with the following lines
# A slightly different configuration for an internal subnet. subnet 192.168.0.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
- range 192.168.0.100 192.168.0.200; option domain-name-servers 202.188.0.133, 202.188.1.5; option domain-name "tm.net.my"; option routers 192.168.0.1; option broadcast-address 192.168.0.255; default-lease-time 600; max-lease-time 7200;
}
- Save the edited file (sample)
sudo /etc/init.d/dhcp3-server restart
Database Server
Q: How to install MYSQL Database Server?
- Read General Notes
- Read How to add extra repositories?
sudo apt-get install mysql-server mysqladmin -u root password db_user_password
Q: How to install MYSQL Control Center?
- Read General Notes
- Read How to add extra repositories?
- Read How to install MYSQL Database Server?
sudo apt-get install mysqlcc sudo gedit /usr/share/applications/MySQLCC.desktop
- Insert the following lines into the new file
[Desktop Entry] Name=MySQLCC Comment=MySQLCC Exec=mysqlcc Icon=/usr/share/pixmaps/mysqlcc.xpm Terminal=false Type=Application Categories=Application;System;
- Save the edited file (sample)
- Read How to refresh GNOME panel?
Applications -> System Tools -> MySQLCC
Apache HTTP Server
Q: How to install Apache HTTP Server for HTTP (Web) Server service?
- Read General Notes
- Read How to add extra repositories?
sudo apt-get install apache2
Q: How to install PHP for Apache HTTP Server?
- Read General Notes
- Read How to add extra repositories?
- Read How to install Apache HTTP Server for HTTP (Web) Server service?
sudo apt-get install php4 sudo /etc/init.d/apache2 restart sudo gedit /var/www/testphp.php
- Insert the following line into the new file
<?php phpinfo(); ?>
- Save the edited file (sample)
Q: How to install MYSQL for Apache HTTP Server?
- Read General Notes
- Read How to add extra repositories?
- Read How to install Apache HTTP Server for HTTP (Web) Server service?
- Read How to install PHP for Apache HTTP Server?
- Read How to install MYSQL Database Server?
sudo apt-get install libapache2-mod-auth-mysql sudo apt-get install php4-mysql sudo /etc/init.d/apache2 restart
Q: How to map URLs to folders outside /var/www/?
- Read General Notes
- Read How to install Apache HTTP Server for HTTP (Web) Server service?
sudo gedit /etc/apache2/conf.d/alias
- Insert the following lines into the new file
Alias /URL-path /location_of_folder/
<Directory /location_of_folder/>
Options Indexes FollowSymLinks AllowOverride All Order allow,deny Allow from all
</Directory>
- Save the edited file (sample)
sudo /etc/init.d/apache2 restart
Q: How to change the default port number for Apache HTTP Server?
- Read General Notes
- Read How to install Apache HTTP Server for HTTP (Web) Server service?
e.g. Assumed that new port number is 78
sudo cp /etc/apache2/ports.conf /etc/apache2/ports.conf_backup sudo gedit /etc/apache2/ports.conf
- Find this line
Listen 80
- Replace with the following line
Listen 78
- Save the edited file (sample)
sudo /etc/init.d/apache2 restart
Q: How to parse RSS into PHP for Apache HTTP Server?
- Read General Notes
- Read How to install Apache HTTP Server for HTTP (Web) Server service?
- Read How to install PHP for Apache HTTP Server?
e.g. Assumed that RSS is DistroWatch.com - News
wget -c http://frankandjacq.com/ubuntuguide/magpierss-0.71.1.tar.gz sudo mkdir /var/www/feeds sudo tar zxvf magpierss-0.71.1.tar.gz -C /var/www/feeds/ sudo mv /var/www/feeds/magpierss-0.71.1/* /var/www/feeds/ sudo rm -fr /var/www/feeds/magpierss-0.71.1/ sudo chown -R www-data:root /var/www/feeds/ sudo gedit /var/www/feeds/index.php
- Insert the following lines into the new file
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" lang="en" xml:lang="en">
<head>
<title>DistroWatch.com - News</title>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1"/>
<style type="text/css"> /*<![CDATA[*/
UbuntuGuide (last edited 2011-10-21 21:20:32 by 41)