ReleaseNotes

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## page was copied from WilyWerewolf/ReleaseNotes
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||<tablestyle="float:right; width:40%; background:#F1F1ED; margin: 0 0 1em 1em;" style="padding:0.5em;">'''Table of Contents'''<<BR>> <<TableOfContents(2)>>|| ||<tablestyle="float:right; width:40%; background:#F1F1ED; margin: 0 0 1em 1em;" style="padding:0.5em;">'''Table of Contents'''<<BR>> <<TableOfContents(3)>>||
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These release notes for '''Ubuntu 15.04''' (Vivid Vervet) provide an overview of the release and document the known issues with Ubuntu 15.04 and its flavors. These release notes for '''Ubuntu 16.04 LTS''' (Xenial Xerus) provide an overview of the release and document the known issues with Ubuntu 16.04 LTS and its flavors.
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Ubuntu 15.04 will be supported for 9 months for Ubuntu Desktop, Ubuntu Server, Ubuntu Core, Kubuntu, Ubuntu Kylin along with all other flavours. ## Ubuntu 16.04 LTS will be supported for 5 years for Ubuntu Desktop, Ubuntu Server, Ubuntu Core, Kubuntu, and Ubuntu Kylin. All other flavours will be supported for 3 years.
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= Get Ubuntu 15.04 =
== Download Ubuntu 15.04 ==
= Get Ubuntu 16.04 LTS =
== Download Ubuntu 16.04 LTS ==
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http://releases.ubuntu.com/15.04/ (Ubuntu Desktop, Server, and Snappy Core) <<BR>>
http://cloud-images.ubuntu.com/releases/15.04/release/ (Ubuntu Cloud Server) <<BR>>
http://cdimage.ubuntu.com/netboot/15.04/ (Ubuntu Netboot) <<BR>>
http://releases.ubuntu.com/16.04/ (Ubuntu Desktop, Server, and Snappy Core) <<BR>>
http://cdimage.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/releases/16.04/beta-2/ (Less Popular Ubuntu Images) <<BR>>
http://c
loud-images.ubuntu.com/releases/16.04/beta-2/ (Ubuntu Cloud Server) <<BR>>
http://cdimage.ubuntu.com/netboot/16.04/ (Ubuntu Netboot) <<BR>>
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##http://cdimage.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-core/releases/15.04/release/ (Ubuntu Core) <<BR>>
##http://cdimage.ubuntu.com/edubuntu/releases/15.04/release/ (Edubuntu DVD) <<BR>>
http://cdimage.ubuntu.com/kubuntu/releases/15.04/release/ (Kubuntu) <<BR>>
http://cdimage.ubuntu.com/lubuntu/releases/15.04/release/ (Lubuntu) <<BR>>
http://cdimage.ubuntu.com/ubuntustudio/releases/15.04/release/ (Ubuntu Studio) <<BR>>
http://cdimage.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-gnome/releases/15.04/release/ (Ubuntu GNOME) <<BR>>
http://cdimage.ubuntu.com/ubuntukylin/releases/15.04/release/ (Ubuntu Kylin) <<BR>>
http://cdimage.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-mate/releases/15.04/release/ (Ubuntu MATE) <<BR>>
http://cdimage.ubuntu.com/xubuntu/releases/15.04/release/ (Xubuntu) <<BR>>
##http://cdimage.ubuntu.com/mythbuntu/releases/15.04/release/ (Mythbuntu) <<BR>>
##http://cdimage.ubuntu.com/kubuntu-active/releases/15.04/release/ (Kubuntu Active) <<BR>>

##To install Ubuntu 14.10 for phones, follow the instructions found at [[Touch/Install]] to download and flash an image to your device.

== Upgrading from Ubuntu 14.10 ==
##http://cdimage.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-core/releases/16.04/release/release/ (Ubuntu Core) <<BR>>
##http://cdimage.ubuntu.com/edubuntu/releases/16.04/release/release/ (Edubuntu DVD) <<BR>>
http://cdimage.ubuntu.com/kubuntu/releases/16.04/beta-2/ (Kubuntu) <<BR>>
http://cdimage.ubuntu.com/lubuntu/releases/16.04/beta-2/ (Lubuntu) <<BR>>
http://cdimage.ubuntu.com/ubuntustudio/releases/16.04/beta-2/ (Ubuntu Studio) <<BR>>
http://cdimage.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-gnome/releases/16.04/beta-2/ (Ubuntu GNOME) <<BR>>
http://cdimage.ubuntu.com/ubuntukylin/releases/16.04/beta-2/ (Ubuntu Kylin) <<BR>>
http://cdimage.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-mate/releases/16.04/beta-2/ (Ubuntu MATE) <<BR>>
http://cdimage.ubuntu.com/xubuntu/releases/16.04/beta-2/ (Xubuntu) <<BR>>
##http://cdimage.ubuntu.com/mythbuntu/releases/16.04/release/ (Mythbuntu) <<BR>>
##http://cdimage.ubuntu.com/kubuntu-active/releases/16.04/release/ (Kubuntu Active) <<BR>>

##To install Ubuntu 15.04 for phones, follow the instructions found at [[Touch/Install]] to download and flash an image to your device.

== Upgrading from Ubuntu 14.04 LTS or 15.10 ==
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 * Open the "Software & Updates" Setting in Systemsettings.  * Open the "Software & Updates" Setting in System Settings.
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 * Set the "Notify me of a new Ubuntu version" dropdown menu to "For any new version".  * Set the "Notify me of a new Ubuntu version" dropdown menu to "For any new version" if you are using 15.10, set it to "long-term support versions" if you are using 14.04 LTS.
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 * Update Manager should open up and tell you: New distribution release '15.04' is available.  * Update Manager should open up and tell you: New distribution release '16.04 LTS' is available.
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 * Make sure the /etc/update-manager/release-upgrades is set to normal.  * Make sure the /etc/update-manager/release-upgrades is set to normal if you are using 15.10, lts if you are using 14.04 LTS.
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= New features in 15.04 =

## Please see the [[https://blueprints.launchpad.net/ubuntu/vivid/+specs|Vivid blueprint list]] for details.
= New features in 16.04 LTS =

## Please see the [[https://blueprints.launchpad.net/ubuntu/xenial/+specs|Xenial blueprint list]] for details.
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As with every new release, packages--applications and software of all kinds--are being updated at a rapid pace. Many of these packages came from an automatic sync from [[http://www.debian.org|Debian]]'s unstable branch; others have been explicitly pulled in for Ubuntu 15.04.

For a list of all packages being accepted for Ubuntu 15.04, please subscribe to [[https://lists.ubuntu.com/mailman/listinfo/vivid-changes|vivid-changes]].

== Linux kernel 3.19 ==

For servers we see a number of performance related improvements including network send batching and the introduction of the data centre congestion algorithm, as well as the introduction of discard support in Device Mapper raid configurations. There are also improvements to inode locking which should show benefits under heavy load. Netfilter (nftables) continues to evolve gaining facilities for package logging and dumping. A number of filesystems gained minor new features, including btrfs which improved its disk replacement in raid 5 and 6 configurations, and support for scrubbing in those. NFS gained hole punching and preallocation support. Overlayfs finally moved upstream so simplifying its provision in Ubuntu. On the networking side we see the start of routing and switch offload support, and the addition of checksum offload for Generic UDP Encapsulation. Finally we see the introduction of the cutely named foo-over-UDP support, allowing a number of other protocols to nest inside.

On cloud we saw a number of Device Mapper thin storage improvements including performance improvements under high load, and speedier discards in these thin configurations. Xen saw a number of minor fixes. For Hyper-v we see the ext2 filesystem gain freeze support allowing default configurations to be snapshotted. Openvswitch continued to evolve gaining basic MPLS support and Geneve tunnelling.

On the security front we see a slew of improvements in Apparmor as well as improved seccomp support including support for cross thread protection. This release also brings support for signed kexec a key gap in secure boot support.

== Boot and service management ==

[[http://freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd/|systemd]] has replaced [[http://upstart.ubuntu.com/|Upstart]] as the standard boot and service manager on all Ubuntu flavors except Touch. At the time of the 15.04 release there are no known major problems which prevent booting. The only service which does not currently start is [[https://launchpad.net/bugs/1409639|Juju]], which will be fixed in a post-release update soon; all other packaged Ubuntu services are expected to work.

Upstart continues to control user sessions.

If your system does not boot after installing or upgrading, please file a bug report and [[https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+bugs?field.tag=systemd-boot|tag it with `systemd-boot`]]. Please see [[file:///usr/share/doc/systemd/README.Debian|/usr/share/doc/systemd/README.Debian]] about how to debug early boot or shutdown problems.

You can boot with Upstart once by selecting "Advanced options for Ubuntu" in the GRUB boot menu and starting the "Ubuntu, with Linux ... (upstart)" entry. To switch back permanently, install the `upstart-sysv` package (this will remove `systemd-sysv` and `ubuntu-standard`).

If you use custom or third-party Upstart jobs, you need to write a corresponding systemd service file or SysV init.d script for it. Please see [[https://wiki.ubuntu.com/SystemdForUpstartUsers|systemd for Upstart users]] for a comprehensive guide.
As with every new release, packages--applications and software of all kinds--are being updated at a rapid pace. Many of these packages came from an automatic sync from [[http://www.debian.org|Debian]]'s unstable branch; others have been explicitly pulled in for Ubuntu 16.04.

For a list of all packages being accepted for Ubuntu 16.04, please subscribe to [[https://lists.ubuntu.com/mailman/listinfo/xenial-changes|xenial-changes]].

=== Linux kernel 4.4 ===
Ubuntu 16.04 LTS is based on the long-term supported Linux release series 4.4.

=== Python 3.5 ===
Python has been upgraded to the 3.5 series.

If you have your own programs based on Python 2, fear not! Python 2 will continue to be available (as the python package) for the foreseeable future. However, to best support future versions of Ubuntu you should consider porting your code to Python 3. Python/3 has some advice and resources on this.

=== VIM defaults to python3 ===
The default VIM package has been built against python3 instead of python2. This means plugins that require a python2 interpreter support from VIM will not work anymore.
For this case alternative VIM packages are available that still use python2, for example vim-gnome-py2.
They can be made the default via the alternatives mechanism:

 * `sudo update-alternatives --set vim /usr/bin/vim.gnome-py2`

=== Golang 1.6 ===
golang toolchain was upgraded to the 1.6 series, and gcc-go was upgraded to the GCC6 branch. Thus the same level of standard library and compiler features are provided by both compilers on all fully supported architectures.

=== OpenSSH 7.2p2 ===

Recent OpenSSH releases disable several pieces of weak, legacy, and/or unsafe cryptography. If you are upgrading a system remotely over SSH, you should check that you are not relying on these to ensure that you will retain access after the upgrade.

 * Support for the legacy SSH version 1 protocol is disabled by default at compile time. Note that this also means that the `Cipher` keyword in [[http://manpages.ubuntu.com/manpages/xenial/en/man5/ssh_config.5.html|ssh_config(5)]] is effectively no longer usable; use `Ciphers` instead for protocol 2. The [[apt:openssh-client-ssh1|openssh-client-ssh1]] package includes "ssh1", "scp1", and "ssh-keygen1" binaries which you can use if you have no alternative way to connect to an outdated SSH1-only server; please contact the server administrator or system vendor in such cases and ask them to upgrade.
 * Support for the 1024-bit `diffie-hellman-group1-sha1` key exchange is disabled by default at run-time. It may be re-enabled using the [[http://www.openssh.com/legacy.html|upstream instructions]].
 * Support for `ssh-dss`, `ssh-dss-cert-*` host and user keys is disabled by default at run-time. These may be re-enabled using the [[http://www.openssh.com/legacy.html|upstream instructions]].
 * Support for the legacy `v00` cert format has been removed.
 * Several ciphers are disabled by default in `ssh`: `blowfish-cbc`, `cast128-cbc`, all `arcfour` variants and the `rijndael-cbc` aliases for AES.
 * MD5-based and truncated HMAC algorithms are disabled by default in `ssh`.

=== lxd 2.0 ===
Ubuntu 16.04 LTS includes LXD, a new, lightweight, network-aware, container manager offering a VM-like experience built on top of Linux containers.
All the LXC components, lxc, lxcfs and lxd in Ubuntu 16.04 are at version 2.0

You can learn more about LXD here: https://www.stgraber.org/2016/03/11/lxd-2-0-blog-post-series-012/

=== docker 1.10 ===
docker was upgraded to the version 1.10. Note that this requires migration of existing images to a new format which will be performed on the first start of the service. This migration can take a long time and put a high load on the system, see https://docs.docker.com/engine/migration/ for more information.

=== PHP 7.0 ===

PHP was upgraded to 7.0. Note that this will require modifications to custom PHP extensions (https://wiki.php.net/phpng-upgrading) and may require modifications to PHP source code (http://php.net/manual/en/migration70.php).

 * NGINX and PHP 7.0
  Upgrading from prior version of Ubuntu with PHP5 FPM configurations and NGINX will require a manual configuration change (details at: http://dark-net.net/nginx-http2-php7.0).

== Ubuntu for IBM LinuxONE ==
Ubuntu 16.04 LTS includes a new port to 64-bit z/Architecture for IBM mainframe computers. This is a practically complete port of Ubuntu Server and Cloud with circa 95% binary package availability. We are excited to enable !OpenStack software, Juju, MAAS, LXD, and much more on this platform.
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The general theme for 15.04 on the desktop is one of bug fixes and incremental quality improvements as well as a more significant change in the move to systemd as an init system.

=== Unity ===

Unity has had many bugs fixed and new features added. Locally integrated menus are now available for unfocussed windows. There have been a number of usability improvements to the dash.

==== Unity 7.3 ====

 * A configuration option to have menus displayed at all times instead of only on mouseover.
 * Enable the Dash, HUD, or logout dialogs over fullscreen windows.
 * Tweaks to animations for faster startup and shutdown experiences.

==== Compiz 0.9.12 ====

 * Fixes for various problems that occur only with the nVidia proprietary driver (mostly blank or black windows) (thanks nVidia).
 * Full integrated support for the MATE desktop on a par with Gnome2 and Unity
 * Refresh of the gtk-window-decorator for Gnome2 support
The general theme for 16.04 on the desktop is one of bug fixes and incremental quality improvements ...
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Firefox is updated to version 37 and Chromium is updated to version 41.

Most of the Gnome platform is now based on version 3.14.
Qt updated to version 5.4.

Pulseaudio is updated to version 6 paving the way for a move to Bluez5 next release.
 * GNOME is mostly upgraded to 3.18. GLib upgraded to to 2.48 (corresponding to GNOME 3.20)
 * GNOME Software replaces Ubuntu Software Center. This brings a faster store experience and moves our archive metadata in line with Debian.
 * All default applications and libraries ported to use !WebKit 2
 * GNOME Calendar is now included by default
 * Empathy and Brasero are removed from the default installation
 * Chromium upgraded to version 48
 * Firefox upgraded to version 45
 * Online searches in the dash are now disabled by default
 * Improved HiDPI support in the greeter
 * Added more supported languages by default [[https://lists.ubuntu.com/archives/ubuntu-devel/2015-December/039028.html|More info]]
 * Multiple bug fixes
 * HUD hotkey default binding changes from alt to alt-space. The default window controls change to alt-super. This should help with issues around key interception in virtualized desktops and games.

=== Unity & Compiz ===

 * Improved launcher integrates with file manager and devices
 * Support for formatting removable devices from quicklist
 * Improved support for gtk applications using headerbars
 * Improvements to the switcher and spread backends
 * Activate app spread by Super+Ctrl+W
 * Unity control center option to always show menus
 * Improvements to GNOME key grabbing
 * New dash overlay scrollbars
 * Better Dash theming support
 * Support for scaling cursors in HiDPI environments
 * Show icons launching state in launcher when apps launched elsewhere
 * Launcher can be moved to the bottom
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LibreOffice 4.4 brings a lot of improvements including improved change tracking in Writer, improve mail merge performance, improved shapes which can now have fully formatted content with tables etc, more statistics functions in Calc, improved OpenGL support for slide transitions in Impress and Draw, password protected documents in Impress. Support for digital signed PDF exports has been added, as has support for connecting to Sharepoint and One Drive. Many new multimedia formats are supported including .ra, .rm, .dv, .ac3, .opus, .asf, and .m4a.

Full details here:
https://wiki.documentfoundation.org/ReleaseNotes/4.4

=== Ubuntu Make (nee Developer Tools Centre) ===

Ubuntu Make continues to add support for new platforms, bringing the total to 15 (from 1 last release). This includes highlights such as:

 * Android NDK support and bumped Android Studio to latest version
 * Other new IDEs: IDEA (ultimate and community editions), pycharm (professional, educational and community editions), webstorm, rubymine, phpstorm and eclipse
 * Golang compiler support
 * Firefox developer edition
 * Dartlang editor
 * Stencyl game development platform
 * Numerous usability improvements and accessibility (ppa, doc)

These new features are also available to LTS users.

We also rationalized 3rd party library managers so that they all behave the same and don't overwrite and/or mix with system libraries. Developers don't have to worry about messing up up their installation if they want to install PyPI, npm, rubygem libraries.
LibreOffice 5.1 brings a lot of improvements to entire package. For more information on these improvements please see the !LibreOffice release notes [[https://wiki.documentfoundation.org/ReleaseNotes/5.1|available here]]. You can see a video highlighting some of the new features [[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LrWPfWSuLSA&list=PL0pdzjvYW9RHSwdRnZfaxAWICrkBrQl7k|here]].

==== General ====
 * LibreOffice defaults to the Breeze theme in Ubuntu
 * Improvements in the Python scripting and language bindings [[http://conference.libreoffice.org/assets/Conference/Aarhus/Slides/MatthewFrancisPyUNO.pdf]]
 * Support for WebDAV via HTTPS

==== Writer word processor ====
 * Added support for whitespace hiding. A long standing feature request.
 * Mailmerge in Writer can use spreadsheets as a data source [[http://vmiklos.hu/blog/mail-merge-embedding.html]]
 * Spell check dialogue no longer auto closes

==== Calc spreadsheets ====
 * Exponential and power trend lines handle negative Y values
 * Performance improvements leveraging SSE3 for SUM functions
 * Added support for PNG export
 * Search for numbers as formatted/displayed

==== Impress presentations ====
 * Slide transitions use OpenGL 2.1+ and new transitions added
 * Keyboard shortcuts for navigation and sorting
 * Screensaver inhibiting for KDE, XFCE, Mate

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=== OpenStack 2015.1 ===

At the point of 15.04 release, all !OpenStack projects are at the latest Kilo release candidate for 2015.1 - the final 2015.1 release versions will be delivered as a stable release update post 15.04 release.
=== General ===

New in 16.04, the kernel crash dump mechanism now supports remote kernel crash dumps. It is now possible to send kernel crash dumps to a remote server using the SSH or NFS protocols. Details of the new functionality are available in the [[https://help.ubuntu.com/16.04/serverguide/kernel-crash-dump.html| Ubuntu Server Guide]].

=== OpenStack Mitaka ===

Ubuntu 16.04 includes the latest !OpenStack release, Mitaka, including the following components:
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 * !OpenStack Compute - Nova
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 * !OpenStack Telemetry - Ceilometer  * !OpenStack Telemetry - Ceilometer and Aodh
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Ubuntu 15.04 includes Swift 2.2.2; this is not the final release version of Swift for !OpenStack Kilo as this introduced new dependencies to support Erasure coding which it was not possible to support for 15.04 release.

For !OpenStack 2015.1, Ubuntu is only tracking the decomposition of Neutron FWaaS, LBaaS and VPNaaS from Neutron core in the Ubuntu archive; we expect to add additional packages for other Neutron ML2 mechanism drivers and plugins early during the Liberty/15.10 development cycle - we'll provide these as backports to !OpenStack Kilo users as and when they become available.
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 * !OpenStack DNS as a Service - Designate
 * !OpenStack Bare-metal Compute Driver - Ironic
 * !OpenStack DNS - Designate
 * !OpenStack Bare-metal - Ironic
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!OpenStack 2015.1 is also provided via the [[ServerTeam/CloudArchive|Ubuntu Cloud Archive]] for !OpenStack Kilo for Ubuntu 14.04 LTS users.

Ubuntu 15.04 also includes the first Ubuntu release of of the Nova Compute driver for LXD ('nova-compute-lxd'). This driver should not be considered ready for production use and is provided for experimentation and early testing at this point in time.
 * !OpenStack Key Manager - Barbican

Please refer to the [[http://releases.openstack.org/mitaka/|OpenStack Mitaka release notes]] for full details of this release of !OpenStack.

!OpenStack Mitaka
is also provided via the [[ServerTeam/CloudArchive|Ubuntu Cloud Archive]] for !OpenStack Mitaka for Ubuntu 14.04 LTS users.

Ubuntu 16.04 also includes the first GA release of of the Nova driver for LXD ('nova-lxd').
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Make sure you read the [[https://wiki.ubuntu.com/ServerTeam/OpenStackCharms/ReleaseNotes1504|OpenStack Charm Release Notes]] for more information about how to deploy Ubuntu !OpenStack using Juju.

=== LXC ===

The LXC container manager was updated to the latest upstream version, 1.1. More specifically the 1.1.2 bugfix release. This brings full systemd support, both on the host and in the container as well as new features such as checkpoint/restore using CRIU, openvswitch support and support for qcow2 backed containers.

More details on the new LXC release can be found at: https://linuxcontainers.org/lxc/news/

This new version of LXC also comes with a new helper filesystem called LXCFS. That filesystem exposes the container resource limits into the container so that tools like free, top, ... report them properly. It's also a vital part of making Systemd work properly in containers.

More details on the new LXCFS release can be found at: https://linuxcontainers.org/lxcfs/news/

CGManager, the LXC CGroup manager was also updated to version 0.36, fixing many bugs and introducing some new features that were needed for LXCFS.

More details on the new CGManager release can be found at: https://linuxcontainers.org/cgmanager/news/

=== LXD ===

Ubuntu 15.04 is the first Ubuntu release to feature LXD.

LXD has been developped to provide a fast, reliable and scalable way to manage system containers across the network.
It's entirely image based, secure by default, supports snapshots, live migration and offers a simple yet powerful REST API.

LXD ships with two clients:
 - lxc, a command line client for small and medium size deployments where the operator doesn't mind or prefers manual control.
 - nova-compute-lxd, an OpenStack Nova plugin which makes managing containers as simple as managing virtual machines.

Ubuntu 15.04 ships with LXD 0.7. This is the result of an intense 6 months of development and while not ready for production workloads, it's definitely ready for experimentation.

More details on LXD can be found at: https://linuxcontainers.org/lxd

=== Juju ===

Juju, the service orchestration tool for Ubuntu, has been updated to the latest current stable release, 1.20.10. See the upstream [[https://juju.ubuntu.com/docs/reference-release-notes.html|release notes]] for full details of all new features and improvements in this release.

##=== MAAS ===

MySQL has been updated to 5.6 and remains in main. In universe, Percona XtraDB Cluster has been updated to 5.6, MariaDB to 10.0 and Percona Server 5.6 has been added.

With the switch to systemd, process limits such as the maximum number of open files can now be controlled by tuning the unit configuration file, and MySQL and variant daemons are already limited by systemd defaults. If you are already tuning these values, we recommend that you remove any open_files_limit type configuration settings from my.cnf and configure everything from the systemd unit file instead in order to avoid conflicts between configurations in both locations. See [[https://launchpad.net/bugs/1434758|bug 1434758]] for details.

=== libvirt 1.2.12 ===

Libvirt has been updated to the 1.2.12 release. A profile script has been added to automatically set the default URI on a xen system.

=== qemu 2.2 ===

Qemu has been updated to the 2.2 release. The default vga device has been switched to stdvga. If this is an issue, the old default can be explicitly requested using '-vga cirrus'.

See http://wiki.qemu.org/ChangeLog/2.2 for details.

=== Open vSwitch 2.3.1 ===

Ubuntu 15.04 includes the latest release of Open vSwitch, 2.3.1. For this release DKMS packages are no longer provided as part of Ubuntu as kernels since 3.13 provide sufficiently new in-tree openvswitch modules.

=== Ceph 0.94.1 ===

Ubuntu 15.04 includes the latests stable release of Ceph, 0.94.1 'Hammer'.

For full details on the Ceph Hammer release, please refer to the [[http://ceph.com/docs/master/release-notes/|upstream release notes]].

=== cloud-init 0.7.7 ===

Cloud-init now uses Python 3, and uses systemd. It supports running on Digital Ocean and base64 encoded user-data on Google Compute. Chef support is also improved.

=== docker 1.5.0 ===

The release notes describing the features available in docker 1.5 are located here: https://docs.docker.com/v1.5/release-notes/

In addition to the features outlined above, we have provided experimental support for ppc64el and arm64.

=== HA related package updates ===
 * corosync 2.3.4
 * haproxy 1.5.0
 * pacemaker 1.1.12

=== Amazon AWS i386 AMI's Deprecated ===

Starting with Ubuntu 15.04, i386 AMI's are now deprecated. Users are advised to migrate new workloads to 64-bit HVM instance types. i386 Cloud Images will continue to be published at http://cloud-images.ubuntu.com/releases/vivid/current for the foreseeable future.

== Ubuntu Core (Snappy) ==

15.04 is the first release that includes snappy Ubuntu Core, a new Ubuntu rendition that uses a new, transactional packaging system: snappy.

‘Snappy’ Ubuntu Core is the smallest and most secure edition of Ubuntu. It is a super-lean, transactionally updated version of Ubuntu, perfect for inventors, technologists and the active and growing Ubuntu developer community, for cloud container hosts and smart, connected devices. It powers drones, robots, network switches, mobile base stations, industrial gateways, and IoT home hubs.

All developers and system builders need to know about the details of this new Ubuntu rendition and how to start using snappy Ubuntu Core 15.04 can be found on http://developer.ubuntu.com/snappy.
Make sure you read the [[https://wiki.ubuntu.com/ServerTeam/OpenStackCharms/ReleaseNotes1604|OpenStack Charm Release Notes]] for more information about how to deploy Ubuntu !OpenStack using Juju.

=== libvirt 1.3.1 ===

Libvirt has been updated to the 1.3.1 release.

=== qemu 2.5 ===

Qemu has been updated to the 2.5 release.

See http://wiki.qemu.org/ChangeLog/2.5 for details.

=== Open vSwitch 2.5.0 ===

Ubuntu 16.04 includes the latest release of Open vSwitch, 2.5.0. This is also an LTS release of Open vSwitch.

Ubuntu 16.04 also includes support for Open vSwitch integrated with DPDK (Data Plane Development Kit) enabling fast packet processing through userspace usage of compatible networking cards - see the openvswitch-switch-dpdk package for more details.

=== Ceph Jewel ===

Ubuntu 16.04 includes the latest release candidate (10.1.2) of the Ceph Jewel stable release; An update to the final release version will be delivered as an SRU to Ubuntu 16.04.

For full details on the Ceph Jewel release, please refer to the [[http://ceph.com/docs/master/release-notes/|upstream release notes]].
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As is to be expected, with any release, there are some significant known bugs that users may run into with this release of Ubuntu 15.04. The ones we know about at this point (and some of the workarounds), are documented here so you don't need to spend time reporting these bugs again:

##StartVividReleaseBugs
As is to be expected, with any release, there are some significant known bugs that users may run into with this release of Ubuntu 16.04. The ones we know about at this point (and some of the workarounds), are documented here so you don't need to spend time reporting these bugs again:

##StartXenialReleaseBugs
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 * The amd64 (Intel x86 64bit) images specifically targeted at Apple hardware (amd64+mac) are no longer produced. Most Apple computers are now capable of booting the amd64 image directly using the EFI (not legacy) boot method so long as their firmware is up to date. If for some reason your hardware doesn't boot properly using the amd64 image, make sure you don't have a pending EFI update and if that still doesn't work, then patch the 64-bit ISO using the software in [[https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu-cdimage/+bug/1298894/comments/16|bug #1298894]] (tested working on Macbook 2,1). Alternatively, simply use the i386 (32bit) image instead.

 * Due to changes in syslinux, it is not currently possible to use usb-creator from 14.04 and earlier releases to write USB images for 14.10; we believe that it is also not possible to use usb-creator from a 14.10 system to write USB images for earlier releases. For now the workaround is to use a matching release of Ubuntu to write the images, but we intend to issue updates soon to work around this incompatibility. [[Bug:1325801]]

 * In Virtualbox, the installer currently has a bug where after the installation is complete, the installation medium will eject, but you will be unable to press ENTER to reboot. Powering off and back on should boot you into your installed system. This is being tracked in bug Bug:1447038

 * On OEM installations, after the end user configuration in a different language than the default initial OEM installation, extra language packs are not installed (Bug:1446539) You can install extra language packs by selecting "Language Support" in "System Settings". A dialog will prompt you to install missing language packs.

 * During installation on a ''blank disk'' on a UEFI system, if the user creates custom partitions, the installer displays a 'Force UEFI installation?' dialog while there is no pre-installed system (Bug:1447256). This dialog is not displayed if the custom partitioner is not used. This message is harmless since no previous installation exists on the system and you can proceed with the installation.

 * Systems running multipath with a very large number of paths might experience long delays and issues during boot (for example, failure to mount the root filesystem or other filesystems); for details and work-around see bug Bug:1467989.

== Upgrade ==

 * If several keyboard layouts are configured before upgrade, the wrong layout might be selected after upgrade (Bug:1447157) Re-select the keyboard layout of your choice from the keyboard indicator or system-settings to make it the default. This setting will then persist upon reboot.
=== Errors about swap partition at install ===
There is a known issue regarding the creation of swap space during the install. In some cases the install will display the error message "Creation of swap space in Partition #n .... failed.". Please see this [[https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/ubiquity/+bug/1552539|bug]] for more information. You may work around the issue by manually partitioning the disk and removing any existing swap partitions before then creating a new one.
=== Installing Xen host in UEFI mode ===
It is currently impossible to boot a Xen hypervisor from grub in UEFI mode. However the package does not detect this and will set the default boot to Xen mode. So for any machine in UEFI mode, '''do not''' install the Xen hypervisor (or enable legacy mode first). Please see this [[https://bugs.launchpad.net/bugs/1520979|bug report]] for more information.

##== Upgrade ==
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##== Graphics and Display == == Graphics and Display ==

=== fglrx ===

The fglrx driver is now deprecated in 16.04, and we recommend its open source alternatives (radeon and amdgpu). AMD put a lot of work into the drivers, and we backported kernel code from Linux 4.5 to provide a better experience.

When upgrading to Ubuntu 16.04 from a previous release, both the fglrx driver and the xorg.conf will be removed, so that the system is set to use either the amdgpu driver or the radeon driver (depending on the available hardware).

More information is available here [[https://tjaalton.wordpress.com/2016/03/11/no-catalystfglrx-video-driver-in-ubuntu-16-04/]]
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## * Edubuntu [[https://wiki.ubuntu.com/VividVervet/ReleaseNotes/Edubuntu]]
 * Kubuntu [[https://wiki.ubuntu.com/VividVervet/ReleaseNotes/Kubuntu]]
 * Lubuntu [[https://wiki.ubuntu.com/VividVervet/ReleaseNotes/Lubuntu]]
## * Mythbuntu [[https://wiki.ubuntu.com/VividVervet/ReleaseNotes/Mythbuntu]]
 * Ubuntu GNOME [[https://wiki.ubuntu.com/VividVervet/ReleaseNotes/UbuntuGNOME]]
 * Ubuntu Kylin [[https://wiki.ubuntu.com/VividVervet/ReleaseNotes/UbuntuKylin]]
 * Ubuntu MATE [[https://wiki.ubuntu.com/VividVervet/ReleaseNotes/UbuntuMATE]]
 * Ubuntu Studio [[https://wiki.ubuntu.com/VividVervet/ReleaseNotes/UbuntuStudio]]
 * Xubuntu [[https://wiki.ubuntu.com/VividVervet/ReleaseNotes/Xubuntu]]
## * Edubuntu [[https://wiki.ubuntu.com/XenialXerus/ReleaseNotes/Edubuntu]]
 * Kubuntu [[https://wiki.ubuntu.com/XenialXerus/Beta2/Kubuntu]]
 * Lubuntu [[https://wiki.ubuntu.com/XenialXerus/Beta2/Lubuntu]]
 * Mythbuntu [[https://wiki.ubuntu.com/XenialXerus/Beta2/Mythbuntu]]
 * Ubuntu GNOME [[https://wiki.ubuntu.com/XenialXerus/Beta2/UbuntuGNOME]]
 * Ubuntu Kylin [[https://wiki.ubuntu.com/XenialXerus/Beta2/UbuntuKylin]]
 * Ubuntu MATE [[https://wiki.ubuntu.com/XenialXerus/Beta2/UbuntuMATE]]
 * Ubuntu Studio [[https://wiki.ubuntu.com/XenialXerus/ReleaseNotes/Beta2/UbuntuStudio]]
 * Xubuntu [[https://xubuntu.org/news/xubuntu-16-04-lts-beta-2]]

Introduction

These release notes for Ubuntu 16.04 LTS (Xenial Xerus) provide an overview of the release and document the known issues with Ubuntu 16.04 LTS and its flavors.

Support lifespan

Official flavour release notes

Find the links to release notes for official flavors here.


Get Ubuntu 16.04 LTS

Download Ubuntu 16.04 LTS

Images can be downloaded from a location near you.

You can download ISOs from:

http://releases.ubuntu.com/16.04/ (Ubuntu Desktop, Server, and Snappy Core)
http://cdimage.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/releases/16.04/beta-2/ (Less Popular Ubuntu Images)
http://cloud-images.ubuntu.com/releases/16.04/beta-2/ (Ubuntu Cloud Server)
http://cdimage.ubuntu.com/netboot/16.04/ (Ubuntu Netboot)

http://cdimage.ubuntu.com/kubuntu/releases/16.04/beta-2/ (Kubuntu)
http://cdimage.ubuntu.com/lubuntu/releases/16.04/beta-2/ (Lubuntu)
http://cdimage.ubuntu.com/ubuntustudio/releases/16.04/beta-2/ (Ubuntu Studio)
http://cdimage.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-gnome/releases/16.04/beta-2/ (Ubuntu GNOME)
http://cdimage.ubuntu.com/ubuntukylin/releases/16.04/beta-2/ (Ubuntu Kylin)
http://cdimage.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-mate/releases/16.04/beta-2/ (Ubuntu MATE)
http://cdimage.ubuntu.com/xubuntu/releases/16.04/beta-2/ (Xubuntu)

Upgrading from Ubuntu 14.04 LTS or 15.10

To upgrade on a desktop system:

  • Open the "Software & Updates" Setting in System Settings.

  • Select the 3rd Tab called "Updates".
  • Set the "Notify me of a new Ubuntu version" dropdown menu to "For any new version" if you are using 15.10, set it to "long-term support versions" if you are using 14.04 LTS.
  • Press Alt+F2 and type in "update-manager" (without the quotes) into the command box.
  • Update Manager should open up and tell you: New distribution release '16.04 LTS' is available.
  • Click Upgrade and follow the on-screen instructions.

To upgrade on a server system:

  • Install the update-manager-core package if it is not already installed.

  • Make sure the /etc/update-manager/release-upgrades is set to normal if you are using 15.10, lts if you are using 14.04 LTS.
  • Launch the upgrade tool with the command sudo do-release-upgrade.

  • Follow the on-screen instructions.

Note that the server upgrade will use GNU screen and automatically re-attach in case of dropped connection problems.

There are no offline upgrade options for Ubuntu Desktop and Ubuntu Server. Please ensure you have network connectivity to one of the official mirrors or to a locally accessible mirror and follow the instructions above.


New features in 16.04 LTS

Updated Packages

As with every new release, packages--applications and software of all kinds--are being updated at a rapid pace. Many of these packages came from an automatic sync from Debian's unstable branch; others have been explicitly pulled in for Ubuntu 16.04.

For a list of all packages being accepted for Ubuntu 16.04, please subscribe to xenial-changes.

Linux kernel 4.4

Ubuntu 16.04 LTS is based on the long-term supported Linux release series 4.4.

Python 3.5

Python has been upgraded to the 3.5 series.

If you have your own programs based on Python 2, fear not! Python 2 will continue to be available (as the python package) for the foreseeable future. However, to best support future versions of Ubuntu you should consider porting your code to Python 3. Python/3 has some advice and resources on this.

VIM defaults to python3

The default VIM package has been built against python3 instead of python2. This means plugins that require a python2 interpreter support from VIM will not work anymore. For this case alternative VIM packages are available that still use python2, for example vim-gnome-py2. They can be made the default via the alternatives mechanism:

  • sudo update-alternatives --set vim /usr/bin/vim.gnome-py2

Golang 1.6

golang toolchain was upgraded to the 1.6 series, and gcc-go was upgraded to the GCC6 branch. Thus the same level of standard library and compiler features are provided by both compilers on all fully supported architectures.

OpenSSH 7.2p2

Recent OpenSSH releases disable several pieces of weak, legacy, and/or unsafe cryptography. If you are upgrading a system remotely over SSH, you should check that you are not relying on these to ensure that you will retain access after the upgrade.

  • Support for the legacy SSH version 1 protocol is disabled by default at compile time. Note that this also means that the Cipher keyword in ssh_config(5) is effectively no longer usable; use Ciphers instead for protocol 2. The openssh-client-ssh1 package includes "ssh1", "scp1", and "ssh-keygen1" binaries which you can use if you have no alternative way to connect to an outdated SSH1-only server; please contact the server administrator or system vendor in such cases and ask them to upgrade.

  • Support for the 1024-bit diffie-hellman-group1-sha1 key exchange is disabled by default at run-time. It may be re-enabled using the upstream instructions.

  • Support for ssh-dss, ssh-dss-cert-* host and user keys is disabled by default at run-time. These may be re-enabled using the upstream instructions.

  • Support for the legacy v00 cert format has been removed.

  • Several ciphers are disabled by default in ssh: blowfish-cbc, cast128-cbc, all arcfour variants and the rijndael-cbc aliases for AES.

  • MD5-based and truncated HMAC algorithms are disabled by default in ssh.

lxd 2.0

Ubuntu 16.04 LTS includes LXD, a new, lightweight, network-aware, container manager offering a VM-like experience built on top of Linux containers. All the LXC components, lxc, lxcfs and lxd in Ubuntu 16.04 are at version 2.0

You can learn more about LXD here: https://www.stgraber.org/2016/03/11/lxd-2-0-blog-post-series-012/

docker 1.10

docker was upgraded to the version 1.10. Note that this requires migration of existing images to a new format which will be performed on the first start of the service. This migration can take a long time and put a high load on the system, see https://docs.docker.com/engine/migration/ for more information.

PHP 7.0

PHP was upgraded to 7.0. Note that this will require modifications to custom PHP extensions (https://wiki.php.net/phpng-upgrading) and may require modifications to PHP source code (http://php.net/manual/en/migration70.php).

  • NGINX and PHP 7.0

Ubuntu for IBM LinuxONE

Ubuntu 16.04 LTS includes a new port to 64-bit z/Architecture for IBM mainframe computers. This is a practically complete port of Ubuntu Server and Cloud with circa 95% binary package availability. We are excited to enable OpenStack software, Juju, MAAS, LXD, and much more on this platform.

Ubuntu Desktop

The general theme for 16.04 on the desktop is one of bug fixes and incremental quality improvements ...

General

  • GNOME is mostly upgraded to 3.18. GLib upgraded to to 2.48 (corresponding to GNOME 3.20)
  • GNOME Software replaces Ubuntu Software Center. This brings a faster store experience and moves our archive metadata in line with Debian.
  • All default applications and libraries ported to use WebKit 2

  • GNOME Calendar is now included by default
  • Empathy and Brasero are removed from the default installation
  • Chromium upgraded to version 48
  • Firefox upgraded to version 45
  • Online searches in the dash are now disabled by default
  • Improved HiDPI support in the greeter
  • Added more supported languages by default More info

  • Multiple bug fixes
  • HUD hotkey default binding changes from alt to alt-space. The default window controls change to alt-super. This should help with issues around key interception in virtualized desktops and games.

Unity & Compiz

  • Improved launcher integrates with file manager and devices
  • Support for formatting removable devices from quicklist
  • Improved support for gtk applications using headerbars
  • Improvements to the switcher and spread backends
  • Activate app spread by Super+Ctrl+W
  • Unity control center option to always show menus
  • Improvements to GNOME key grabbing
  • New dash overlay scrollbars
  • Better Dash theming support
  • Support for scaling cursors in HiDPI environments
  • Show icons launching state in launcher when apps launched elsewhere
  • Launcher can be moved to the bottom

LibreOffice

LibreOffice 5.1 brings a lot of improvements to entire package. For more information on these improvements please see the LibreOffice release notes available here. You can see a video highlighting some of the new features here.

General

Writer word processor

Calc spreadsheets

  • Exponential and power trend lines handle negative Y values
  • Performance improvements leveraging SSE3 for SUM functions
  • Added support for PNG export
  • Search for numbers as formatted/displayed

Impress presentations

  • Slide transitions use OpenGL 2.1+ and new transitions added
  • Keyboard shortcuts for navigation and sorting
  • Screensaver inhibiting for KDE, XFCE, Mate

Ubuntu Server

General

New in 16.04, the kernel crash dump mechanism now supports remote kernel crash dumps. It is now possible to send kernel crash dumps to a remote server using the SSH or NFS protocols. Details of the new functionality are available in the Ubuntu Server Guide.

OpenStack Mitaka

Ubuntu 16.04 includes the latest OpenStack release, Mitaka, including the following components:

  • OpenStack Identity - Keystone

  • OpenStack Imaging - Glance

  • OpenStack Block Storage - Cinder

  • OpenStack Compute - Nova

  • OpenStack Networking - Neutron

  • OpenStack Telemetry - Ceilometer and Aodh

  • OpenStack Orchestration - Heat

  • OpenStack Dashboard - Horizon

  • OpenStack Object Storage - Swift

  • OpenStack Database as a Service - Trove

  • OpenStack DNS - Designate

  • OpenStack Bare-metal - Ironic

  • OpenStack Filesystem - Manila

  • OpenStack Key Manager - Barbican

Please refer to the OpenStack Mitaka release notes for full details of this release of OpenStack.

OpenStack Mitaka is also provided via the Ubuntu Cloud Archive for OpenStack Mitaka for Ubuntu 14.04 LTS users.

Ubuntu 16.04 also includes the first GA release of of the Nova driver for LXD ('nova-lxd').

WARNING: Upgrading an OpenStack deployment is a non-trivial process and care should be taken to plan and test upgrade procedures which will be specific to each OpenStack deployment.

Make sure you read the OpenStack Charm Release Notes for more information about how to deploy Ubuntu OpenStack using Juju.

libvirt 1.3.1

Libvirt has been updated to the 1.3.1 release.

qemu 2.5

Qemu has been updated to the 2.5 release.

See http://wiki.qemu.org/ChangeLog/2.5 for details.

Open vSwitch 2.5.0

Ubuntu 16.04 includes the latest release of Open vSwitch, 2.5.0. This is also an LTS release of Open vSwitch.

Ubuntu 16.04 also includes support for Open vSwitch integrated with DPDK (Data Plane Development Kit) enabling fast packet processing through userspace usage of compatible networking cards - see the openvswitch-switch-dpdk package for more details.

Ceph Jewel

Ubuntu 16.04 includes the latest release candidate (10.1.2) of the Ceph Jewel stable release; An update to the final release version will be delivered as an SRU to Ubuntu 16.04.

For full details on the Ceph Jewel release, please refer to the upstream release notes.

Known issues

As is to be expected, with any release, there are some significant known bugs that users may run into with this release of Ubuntu 16.04. The ones we know about at this point (and some of the workarounds), are documented here so you don't need to spend time reporting these bugs again:

Boot, installation and post-install

Errors about swap partition at install

There is a known issue regarding the creation of swap space during the install. In some cases the install will display the error message "Creation of swap space in Partition #n .... failed.". Please see this bug for more information. You may work around the issue by manually partitioning the disk and removing any existing swap partitions before then creating a new one.

Installing Xen host in UEFI mode

It is currently impossible to boot a Xen hypervisor from grub in UEFI mode. However the package does not detect this and will set the default boot to Xen mode. So for any machine in UEFI mode, do not install the Xen hypervisor (or enable legacy mode first). Please see this bug report for more information.

Graphics and Display

fglrx

The fglrx driver is now deprecated in 16.04, and we recommend its open source alternatives (radeon and amdgpu). AMD put a lot of work into the drivers, and we backported kernel code from Linux 4.5 to provide a better experience.

When upgrading to Ubuntu 16.04 from a previous release, both the fglrx driver and the xorg.conf will be removed, so that the system is set to use either the amdgpu driver or the radeon driver (depending on the available hardware).

More information is available here https://tjaalton.wordpress.com/2016/03/11/no-catalystfglrx-video-driver-in-ubuntu-16-04/


Official flavours

The release notes for the official flavours can be found at the following links:


More information

Reporting bugs

Your comments, bug reports, patches and suggestions will help fix bugs and improve the quality of future releases. Please report bugs using the tools provided.

If you want to help out with bugs, the Bug Squad is always looking for help.

Participate in Ubuntu

If you would like to help shape Ubuntu, take a look at the list of ways you can participate at

More about Ubuntu

You can find out more about Ubuntu on the Ubuntu website and Ubuntu wiki.

To sign up for future Ubuntu development announcements, please subscribe to Ubuntu's development announcement list at:

XenialXerus/ReleaseNotes (last edited 2020-09-01 13:42:58 by sil2100)