Launchpad Entry: Metalink
Created: 2007-04-19
Contributors: https://launchpad.net/~shirishag75
Summary
Officially support .metalink format also for downloading .iso packages. Give links of the same on the most often .iso packages like ubuntu, kubuntu, xubuntu & edubuntu etc.
Rationale
As of right now, whenever a release comes there is lot of strain on the ubuntu servers as well as on the torrents. The idea is to do intelligent load-balancing while at the same time giving high speed download speed to the user without a single point of failure.
Use Cases
- Bob has a 100 mbps line but he is disappointed at first when the download is slow and then due to some issue the mirror finally breaks down. -1 experience from him.
- Rachel is downloading through the torrent but finds there aren't enough no. of seeders hence she is not able to max out her speeds.
- Conanical server breaks down as no. of people leeching from the server goes up. Loss of time for everybody. Maybe strain on other parts of the site also (guessing).
Scope
Any computer connected to the net and wants to download a ubuntu .iso & its derivatives.
Design
People who are on high-speed bandwidth are either not able to max out their download speed or if they do max out they stress the server quite a bit. Instead of it if there is a .metalink file also then the user would be able to download his file in segments from different servers, as well as torrent , thereby reducing time to complete while at the same there is no single point of failure. Also he is able to download from the mirror which is closer to him.
Feature list of .metalink
- Standard format for listing multiple mirrors for redundancy and/or automatic accelerated (segmented) downloads.
- Combines FTP and HTTP with Peer-to-peer (P2P, shared bandwidth).
- Simplifies advanced download features, layout, and user experience.
- Automatic checksum verification; No separate MD5/SHA-1 file or manual process for integrity verification.
- Automatic error recovery and repair of corrupted downloads.
- No Single Point of Failure (SPOF) like FTP or HTTP URLs. More fault tolerant.
- Stores more descriptive and useful information for software distribution.
- Backward compatible with regular hyperlinks.
- Automatic load balancing distributes traffic so individual servers are under less strain.
- No long confusing list of possibly outdated Mirrors and P2P links.
- Automated creating, editing, and validating is easy with standard text processing tools.
- In a format browsers and other tools can already process (even if they might not make use of it yet).
- Makes the download process simpler for users (automatic selection of language, Operating System, location, etc).
- Uniquely identifies files, so even if all references to it in the Metalink stop working, the same exact file can be found in other places.
- Share a library of files between filesharing applications with a small .metalink.
- Congratulations, you're the first person to read this far.
- Can finish P2P downloads even if files are no longer shared.
- For FTP/HTTP, an updated client is needed, but not a separate client like some types of P2P.
- NO changes or separate services needed on the server side, like a "tracker" etc. Users can create Metalinks for files anyone is hosting and share them.
- Useful for automatic updating programs when new versions are released.
Implementation
Add .metalink to all release pages from http://cdimage.ubuntu.com .
Code
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<metalink version="3.0" xmlns="http://www.metalinker.org/"
origin="http://download.packages.ro/metalink"
type="static" pubdate="Mon Mar 19 11:02:13 2007"
generator="Metalink Gen - http://metalink.packages.ro"
refreshdate="Mon Mar 19 11:02:13 2007">
<publisher>
<name>package resources</name>
<url>http://www.packages.ro</url>
</publisher>
<description></description>
<tags>linux,debian</tags>
<identity>debian</identity>
<version>31r5</version>
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</metalink>
Resources
* Hampus Wessman has created a GUI metalink editor http://hampus.vox.nu/metalink/ . In some time he plans to add preference value so while making the .metalink file it checks which servers support resuming & enhance their value while marking down the ones whose server doesn't support resuming.
Outstanding Issues
Most of the clients have not implemented the 3.0 specification fully as of now. For e.g. KGet has some support in the SVN(development) http://commit-digest.org/issues/2007-02-25/
BoF agenda and discussion
Refrences
* Metalink * Metalink/why * Wikipedia * Wikipedia entry about metalink * Site for .metalink packages * Specification for metalink * Ligtning Talk