QEMU
Differences between revisions 15 and 19 (spanning 4 versions)
|
Size: 5550
Comment:
|
← Revision 19 as of 2025-02-07 13:07:38 ⇥
Size: 197
Comment:
|
| Deletions are marked like this. | Additions are marked like this. |
| Line 1: | Line 1: |
| = Prerequistites = To boot a RISC-V virtual machine you will need the following packages: * qemu-system-misc - QEMU 18 is used to emulate a virtual RISC-V machine. * u-boot-qemu - U-Boot is the firmware implementing the UEFI API and loads GRUB. {{{ sudo apt-get update sudo apt-get install opensbi qemu-system-misc u-boot-qemu }}} '''For booting Ubuntu 22.04 (Jammy) or later images use u-boot-qemu from release Ubuntu 22.04 or later.''' = Booting a preinstalled server image with QEMU = A preinstalled server image can be downloaded from https://cdimage.ubuntu.com/releases/22.04.2/release/. First unpack the image {{{ xz -dk ubuntu-22.04.3-preinstalled-server-riscv64+unmatched.img.xz }}} Optionally, if you want a larger disk, you can expand the disk (the filesystem will be automatically resized too). {{{ qemu-img resize -f raw ubuntu-22.04.3-preinstalled-server-riscv64+unmatched.img +5G }}} Next use u-boot-qemu to boot the virtual machine. A working example with all the options is: {{{ qemu-system-riscv64 \ -machine virt -nographic -m 2048 -smp 4 \ -bios /usr/lib/riscv64-linux-gnu/opensbi/generic/fw_jump.bin \ -kernel /usr/lib/u-boot/qemu-riscv64_smode/uboot.elf \ -device virtio-net-device,netdev=eth0 -netdev user,id=eth0 \ -device virtio-rng-pci \ -drive file=ubuntu-22.04.3-preinstalled-server-riscv64+unmatched.img,format=raw,if=virtio }}} The important options to use are: * QEMU's generic virtual platform is selected by `-machine virt` * The first stage firmware booted by QEMU is OpenSBI as specified by the `-bios` option. This option is not needed with QEMU 7.0 or higher. It cannot be used with KVM. * The second stage firmware U-Boot is loaded into memory via `-kernel /usr/lib/u-boot/qemu-riscv64_smode/uboot.elf` One can use pass through networking, adjust memory (`-m`) & cpu counts (`-smp`) as needed. Watch the serial console output and wait for cloud-init to complete. It will show a line with the text 'Cloud-init finished' like: {{{ [ 68.346028] cloud-init[703]: Cloud-init v. 22.2-0ubuntu1~20.04.3 finished at Thu, 22 Sep 2022 11:35:28 +0000. Datasource DataSourceNoCloud [seed=/var/lib/cloud/seed/nocloud-net][dsmode=net]. Up 68.26 seconds }}} Then login using `ubuntu:ubuntu`. See the cloud-init section below to further customise the first boot behaviour with cloud-init. == cloud-init integration == The image has a fallback cloud-init datasource that configures sudo user `ubuntu` with password `ubuntu` and DHCP networking. You will be asked to change the password on first login. The image has `CIDATA` partition which can be used as a valid datasource to adjust cloud-config metadata. If you wish to customize user password, networking information, add ssh keys, etc. Please mount `CIDATA` partition rename `meta-data` and `user-data` files and adjust them to taste. You can use network-info to configure networking if something more sophisticated than just DHCP is desired. For example ssh keys, disabling interactive login, and so on. See https://cloudinit.readthedocs.io/en/latest = Ubuntu installation of a RISC-V virtual machine using a server install image and QEMU = == Overview == Starting with Ubuntu 22.04 a server install image for QEMU is available. This topic describes how to use the image for an installation on a virtual machine. The Jammy release image is available at https://cdimage.ubuntu.com/releases/22.04.3/release/. Daily build images are provided at https://cdimage.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-server/daily-live/current/. A general overview of the installation process is available at https://ubuntu.com/tutorials/install-ubuntu-server. Download the image either using your web browser or with {{{ wget https://cdimage.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-server/daily-live/current/<release>-live-server-riscv64.img.gz }}} == Installation == Extract the image. {{{ gzip -d jammy-live-server-riscv64.img.gz }}} Create the disk image on which you will install Ubuntu. 16 GiB should be enough. {{{ dd if=/dev/zero bs=1M of=disk count=1 seek=16383 }}} Start the installer with: {{{ /usr/bin/qemu-system-riscv64 -machine virt -m 4G -smp cpus=2 -nographic \ -bios /usr/lib/riscv64-linux-gnu/opensbi/generic/fw_jump.bin \ -kernel /usr/lib/u-boot/qemu-riscv64_smode/u-boot.bin \ -netdev user,id=net0 \ -device virtio-net-device,netdev=net0 \ -drive file=jammy-live-server-riscv64.img,format=raw,if=virtio \ -drive file=disk,format=raw,if=virtio \ -device virtio-rng-pci }}} Follow the installation steps in https://ubuntu.com/tutorials/install-ubuntu-server. When rebooting we have to remove the installer image. Otherwise the installer will restart. U-Boot gives you a 2 second time window to press the Enter key to reach the U-Boot console. In U-Boot’s console you can use the poweroff command to stop QEMU. Another option to exit QEMU is pressing keys CTRL-a followed by key x. == Run Ubuntu == To run your installed Ubuntu image use {{{ /usr/bin/qemu-system-riscv64 -machine virt -m 4G -smp cpus=2 -nographic \ -bios /usr/lib/riscv64-linux-gnu/opensbi/generic/fw_jump.bin \ -kernel /usr/lib/u-boot/qemu-riscv64_smode/u-boot.bin \ -netdev user,id=net0 \ -device virtio-net-device,netdev=net0 \ -drive file=disk,format=raw,if=virtio \ -device virtio-rng-pci }}} = Limitations = In Ubuntu 22.04 the number of virtual CPUs is limited to 8 in QEMU and in the Linux kernel. |
#refresh 2 https://canonical-ubuntu-boards.readthedocs-hosted.com/en/latest/how-to/qemu-riscv/ This page has been moved to the Ubuntu Readthedocs Documentation Website. You are being redirected. |
This page has been moved to the Ubuntu Readthedocs Documentation Website. You are being redirected.
RISC-V/QEMU (last edited 2025-02-07 13:07:38 by adrianoco)