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| = RestrictedFormats = '''In Portuguese''' - [RestrictedFormatsPT] -------------------------------------------- Note, this page is intended for Ubuntu Hoary users. Warty users may be able to follow these instructions, but some packages may not work (in particular the ones from hoary-extras won't work). == Disclaimer == Packages distributed in unofficial repositories are not supported by Ubuntu or Debian. Please don't file bugs caused by the use of third party packages. Thanks. == Purpose == This article describes how to add support to a Ubuntu system for (1) non-Free multimedia formats and (2) Java programs. It includes information on installing required packages for the following media formats: Macromedia Flash, MP3, AAC, WMA, DVD, Divx/Xvid, MPEG-4, and Realmedia (Realplayer). Information on Windows Codecs for additional proprietary formats is also included. PLEASE READ SECTIONS 1, 2, and 3 regardless of what you are looking for. Section 1 describes why non-Free formats are not included in the Ubuntu installation, Section 2 describes which software repositories need to be added to the Synaptic Package Manager so that you can install the formats yourself, and Section 3 explains how to change sound settings to fix a common issue w/third party plugins on Ubuntu. == Contents: == 1. Overview 1. How to add Repositories 1. Sound and third party software 1. Java 1. Macromedia Flash 1. MP3 1. AAC and iTunes Music Store 1. DVD 1. !DivX / !XviD, WMA, and miscellaneous proprietary formats 1. Real Player == 1. Overview == As noted in the [http://www.ubuntulinux.org/support/documentation/faq/helpcenterfaq.2004-09-15.6357540221 Ubuntu FAQ], support for some popular formats is not included in the Ubuntu distribution because there are legal restrictions on their distribution or usage. While we make no effort to restrict the choice of users to use such formats, we prefer to support Free software and Free formats. This page is intended as a central resource for information about dealing with non-Free formats and tools - including reasons for non-inclusion, alternative formats or implementations, and, as a last resort, information on using non-Free formats and tools. == 2. How to add Repositories == Some of the following fixes involve adding repositories. For this reason instructions for adding repositories are here. Instructions on how to add these repositories can be found in the AddingRepositoriesHowto: http://www.ubuntulinux.org/wiki/AddingRepositoriesHowto/ === 2.1 UNIVERSE/MULTIVERSE === To add these sources using Synaptic, click the Settings-Repositories menu item. You should then see a list of package sources in use on your system. If you see a source called Ubuntu 5.04 "Hoary Hedgehog", select that one and click the Edit button. Then, on the "Sections" line, there will be a list of repositories. Finally, add the names of the sources (universe and/or multiverse - but possibly including main/restricted if you haven't added these yet) you want to the end of this line and press OK. If you don't see a source called Ubuntu 5.04 "Hoary Hedgehog", click the Add button. Select Ubuntu 5.04 "Hoary Hedgehog" from the drop-down list, check the repositories you want (universe and/or multiverse - but possibly including main/restricted if you haven't added these yet), and press OK. You should now be set to use Universe and/or Multiverse - just update your package lists by clicking "Reload" in Synaptic and the packages from the sources you selected will be available to install. === 2.2 HOARY-EXTRAS: === Not supported by Canonical Ltd. or Ubuntu!!! To use some multimedia codecs/plugins, you will need to use the Hoary-extras repository. To use this, in the Synaptic repositories dialog box, click Add and then Custom. In the dialog box, type in the following APT line: {{{ deb http://backports.ubuntuforums.org/backports hoary-extras main universe multiverse restricted }}} Click OK and you should be good to go - just reload the package list. Please note that whenever you install packages from this source, an authentication warning may appear. This just means that the packages are not signed, and can be safely disregarded if you are installing packages from this particular source. == 3. Sound and third party software == Ubuntu uses a program called esd to allow multiple applications to access the sound card at one time. However, many third party applications not in Ubuntu main aren't designed to use esd to access the card. On some sound cards, this causes these applications to not produce sound. To work around this problem, esd must be configured to release the sound card when it is not using it. To do this, edit /etc/esound/esd.conf and change the line that begins with spawn_options to begin with default_options. Finally, change the -as 5 to -as 2. {{{[esd] auto_spawn=0 spawn_wait_ms=100 default_options= -terminate -nobeeps -as 2}}} You will need to restart the sound server, whether from gnome preferences, or by logging out and back in. You should then be able to change System -> Preferences -> Multimedia System Selector, set Default Sink and Source to Alsa (or OSS), and then successfully use the test buttons. Other GNOME applications which depend on being able to access the native audio devices include GnomeMeeting. Note: this problem only occurs on the Ubuntu Hoary release and newer. Kubuntu is not affected as it uses KDE Arts, although the default timeout for the sound server in KDE may be set rather long, can someone confirm? == 4. Java == Although the Java API itself is open, the only certified Linux implementations of Java with wide compatibility are derived from Sun's implementation. All of these implementations carry non-Free licensing terms. The [http://www.kaffe.org Kaffe] project and the [http://www.gnu.org/software/classpath/ GNU Classpath] project are working on Free implementations of Java, but they are not yet comparable to the Sun-based implementations in performance, completeness, or compatibility. There are detailed instructions for installing Sun's [Java] available. Daniel Robitaille has instructions on installing [IBM Java] on Ubuntu x86. == 5. Macromedia Flash == There is a free player for this ([http://gplflash.sourceforge.net GPLFlash]), however it does not support many modern Flash applications. Macromedia has a player that supports up-to-date Flash applications, but it is considered "non-free" and as such is not included in the main Ubuntu archive. However, it can be installed from multiverse (see below for details), or by visiting the official [http://www.macromedia.com/shockwave/download/download.cgi?P1_Prod_Version=ShockwaveFlash Macromedia Flash Player for Linux] page and following their simple instructions. Install (from MULTIVERSE) the following package: flashplugin-nonfree This will install Flash and the plugins needed to view it in Firefox and Mozilla. == 6. MP3 and Windows Media Audio == === 6.1 MP3 Playback: === MP3 is patent-encumbered, for both encoding and decoding, these patents are being actively enforced. [http://www.xiph.org/ogg/vorbis/ Ogg Vorbis] is a flexible and Free lossy audio codec with a proven track record. This format is now supported by some DVD players and some portable music players (usb keys, mp3 players). However, you can still play your MP3s in Ubuntu with rhythmbox, amaroK, XMMS and others. RhythmBox is installed by default on Ubuntu (in the Applications menu, Sound & Video -> Music Player). It's a music player similar to Windows Media Player, with iPod support and a music library system. To play MP3s with Rhythmbox or amaroK, you must install the {{{gstreamer0.8-mad}}} package. This package is in the universe repository (see section 2 above). To install XMMS (a media player very similar to Winamp), you must install the {{{xmms}}} package. XMMS will play MP3s without needing the gstreamer0.8-mad package. Note : you must choose the eSound output plugin in the options of XMMS (XMMS freezes if you use ALSA). There is also the beep-media-player package (in the universe repository - see section 2 above), a version of XMMS with a more modern interface. === 6.2 MP3 Encoding: === === 6.2.1 Sound Juicer === To encode MP3s, you can use Sound Juicer (installed by default) which uses gstreamer and the LAME mp3 encoder. The following should also work with other programs that use gstreamer: First, install the {{{gstreamer0.8-lame}}} package (available in the HOARY-EXTRAS repository). Create a new profile in {{{gnome-audio-profiles-properties}}}. Edit this profile and set Gstreamerpipeline to {{{audio/x-raw-int,rate=44100,channels=2 ! lame name=enc}}}. Optionally, you can add bitrate=<some bitrate> to the end of this line if you want a specific (constant) bitrate other than the default of 128. Finally, set File Extension to mp3, click the Active checkbox and then OK. Before the first use of Sound Juicer, launch the command {{{gst-register-0.8}}}. Now, you should be able to rip MP3s. === 6.2.1.1 Creating a new profile === To have a look on all settings available for mp3 you can use Gstreamer Pipeline Editor or simply run {{{gst-inspect-0.8 lame}}} in terminal. After installing gstreamer pipline editor, run it from the programming menu. From the Utility Palette window select Codec->Encoder->Audio->lame and look at all the properties you can select in the Properties window (you may need to enable it from the View menu item if it is not visible). Executing gst-inspect-0.8 in your terminal, all lame-options are listed with an short description and available values. With your optionlist on hand, you can now launch the command {{{gnome-audio-profiles-properties}}} and create a new profile. Enter any options as listed in Gstreamer Pipeline Editor or gst-inspect-0.8 into the pipeline key of your profile as shown below: {{{Profilename: New MP3 Profile Description: As You like Gstreamerpipeline: audio/x-raw-int,rate=44100,channels=2 ! lame name=enc OPTION_1=VALUE_1 ... Fileext: mp3}}} For example you could create this profile with VBR-New using default quality: {{{Profilename: VBR-New-Profile with default quality Description: As You like Gstreamerpipeline: audio/x-raw-int,rate=44100,channels=2 ! lame name=enc vbr=4 vbr-quality=5 Fileext: mp3}}} Remember to run gst-register-0.8 before running Sound Juicer to get the created/changed profile! (According to will_rat, http://ubuntuforums.org/archive/index.php/t-957.html , 03-04-2005, 04:41 AM and alexp, http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=22010&page=3, 04-11-2005, 11:55 AM) === 6.2.2 Goobox === Alternatively, you can install goobox (in the universe repository) along with gstreamer0.8-lame. Goobox requires no manual configuration to rip MP3s on Ubuntu once gstreamer0.8-lame is installed, and it will allow you to easily choose the audio quality to rip to through its graphical user interface. === 6.2.3 Other === For other programs (non GStreamer), you need to install the "lame" package (MULTIVERSE repository). For example, grip (gnome cd ripping program) and kaudiocreator (KDE cd ripping program) work fine with just the "lame" package. Just set your ripper to use LAME and you should be ready to go. === 6.2.4 Ripping speedup === After stopping autoplay on CD insertion the ripping speed may increase. Also could an decreasing speed occur after playing the CD. (According to timeoff, http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=30888&page=2, 05-09-2005, 01:45 AM) == 7. AAC and iTunes Music Store == === 7.1 AAC Decoding === The default audio format used by Apple's iTunes and iPod is AAC. This is a variant of the MPEG standard, and as such has patent issues. However, you can listen to AAC files in rhythmbox or amaroK by installing gstreamer0.8-faad (from HOARY-EXTRAS). You will need this for listening to any AAC file, including those bought from the iTunes Music Store (see below for more info on using the music store on Linux). Warning, songs purchased from the iTunes music store (.m4p) are encyrpted, and will not just play using gstreamer0.8-faad. You will need to decrypt them first. === 7.2 AAC Encoding: === FAAC can be used to encode AACs, although this is somewhat experimental compared to MP3 encoding at this point.. For encoding programs which use gstreamer, there is a gstreamer plugin called gstreamer0.8-faac (install from HOARY-EXTRAS). However, this currently is problematic, and does not produce usable AAC files, though this may change in the future. For other programs, you may be able to utilize FAAC directly to encode to AACs - just install the "faac" package. You can make iPod-compatible AACs this way, but this requires some additional configuration in your CD ripping utility. === 7.3 iTunes Music Store === |
||<tablestyle="float:right; font-size: 0.9em; width:40%; background:#F1F1ED; margin: 0 0 1em 1em;" style="padding:0.5em;">'''Contents'''[[BR]][[TableOfContents]]|| Certain kinds of files have legal restrictions on playback and thus you must enable support for these formats after installation. This page will walk you through the most popular types of files. = Disclaimer and Legal Notice = Some of the packages listed here may be illegal in your country. Use at your own risk. If at all possible, please use FreeFormats as they are supported by Ubuntu. = Before You Start = Nearly all the applications and packages mentioned on this page are found in the '''universe''' and '''multiverse''' repositories. See AddingRepositoriesHowto for instructions on enabling the universe and multiverse repositories. Some additional packages are found in repositories not controlled Ubuntu. Please do not file bugs about these specific packages. Additionally, you must have '''administration privileges''' to install packages. RootSudo explains how Ubuntu provides the necessary privileges. = Playing Non-Free Media = == Media Players provided by Ubuntu == Ubuntu supports ["Totem"] (a movie player) and ["Rhythmbox"] (a music player); Kubuntu includes ["Kaffeine"] and ["Amarok"]. These applications play free formats (ogg vorbis, ogg theora, and the like) 'out of the box'. However, they can also play most non-free media formats if you install some additional packages. If you live in a country where it is legal to play MP3s and other non-free media formats without a license, [:AddingRepositoriesHowto: enable the universe and multiverse repositories], and install the support packages by typing in a terminal: {{{ sudo apt-get install gstreamer0.8-plugins gstreamer0.8-plugins-multiverse gstreamer0.8-ffmpeg }}} == Other Movie Players == MultimediaApplications describes the most popular media players provided in Ubuntu, including the above. Other popular movie players include ["VLC"], [:InstallingMplayer:Mplayer], ["Xine-ui"] and ["Totem-xine"] (a more capable version of '''totem'''). '''vlc''' plays most non-free movie formats natively. Playing non-free movies in '''mplayer''', '''xine-ui''' and '''totem-xine''' requires a package that is not available from the Ubuntu repositories, the '''w32codecs'''. (Unfortunately, the w32codecs are generally not useable on the PPC or AMD64 versions of Ubuntu.) === The Codecs === "The Codecs" support playing MPEG-1, -2 & -4, DivX, Quicktime, Real Media 8 & 9, Windows Media Video 9 and many other formats. If you live in a country where it is legal to use the codecs, use your web browser to download the file [ftp://ftp.nerim.net/debian-marillat/pool/main/w/w32codecs/w32codecs_20050412-0.0_i386.deb w32codecs_20050412-0.0_i386.deb] to your Desktop, and, in a terminal, type: {{{ cd ~/Desktop sudo dpkg -i w32codecs_20050412-0.0_i386.deb }}} == Playing DVD's == Most commercial DVDs are encrypted with CSS (the Content Scrambling System). The movie players provided in Ubuntu are capable of reading DVDs that are not encrypted. If it is legal for you to circumvent CSS, then you can enable reading encrypted DVDs in '''vlc''', '''mplayer''', '''xine''' and '''totem-xine''' by installing '''libdvdcss2'''. Type in a terminal: {{{ sudo apt-get install libdvdread3 sudo /usr/share/doc/libdvdread3/examples/install-css.sh }}} See LibdvdcssInstallationMethods for other ways to install libdvdcss. === DVD Issues === ==== DVD Lockup ==== If your movie player locks up when attempting to access a DVD, you will need to place a DVD movie in your DVD drive, then do the following: {{{ sudo apt-get install regionset regionset }}} Alternatively, you can do this without a DVD in your drive if you know your region number. ''Be warned the software claims you can only change regions 4 times, so that the effects of this procedure are irreversible and may render your drive permanently unable to read DVDs encoded for a particular region.'' ==== Jerky Playback ==== If DVD playback is jerky or you notice optical data transfer (i.e burning a CD/DVD) is slower than it should be, then you need to '''enable DMA transfer''' for that drive. See the ["DMA"] page for details. == RealPlayer == To install '''Real''''''Player 10''', use your browser to download the package [ftp://ftp.nerim.net/debian-marillat/pool/main/r/realplay/realplayer_10.0.6-0.0_i386.deb realplayer_10.0.6-0.0_i386.deb] to your Desktop, and install it (along with a support package needed by '''Real''''''Player''') by typing in a terminal: {{{ cd ~/Desktop sudo apt-get install libstdc++5 sudo dpkg -i realplayer_10.0.6-0.0_i386.deb }}} See RealplayerInstallationMethods for other ways to install '''Real''''''Player'''. Most of Real's non-free media formats can also be played by '''mplayer''', '''xine''', and '''totem-xine''' when the '''w32codecs''' are installed. === Smil === Use the File Manager to navigate to a folder containing a '''Smil''' file. Click the file with the right mouse button, select '''Properties''', and then the tab '''Open With'''. Click the radio button next to '''Real''''''Player 10''', and close the dialog window. === RealMedia === If you want '''Real''''''Player''' to be the default application to open '''Real''''''Media''' files, use the File Manager to navigate to a folder containing a '''Real''''''Media''' file. Click the file with the right mouse button, select '''Properties''', and then the tab '''Open With'''. Click the radio button next to '''Real''''''Player 10''', and close the dialog window. == Macromedia Flash == Macromedia's '''Flash''' '''Player''' is only available for i386 based machines, and '''Shock''' '''Wave''' is not available at all. There are projects that are attempting to provide free support for Flash, and currently they are the only way to get Flash support for the '''PPC''' and '''AMD64''' distributions of Ubuntu. Flash can be problematic, so if you have problems (and solutions), read '''Flash''' '''Issues''' below. === Flash for i386 === To add Flash Player support for '''konqueror''', '''mozilla''', '''firefox''', '''epiphany''' and other browsers, [:AddingRepositoriesHowto:enable the multiverse repository] and, in a terminal, type: ==== for Ubuntu 5.04 (Hoary) ==== {{{ sudo apt-get install flashplugin-nonfree }}} ==== for Ubuntu 5.10 (Breezy) ==== {{{ sudo apt-get install flashplayer-mozilla }}} See FlashPlayerInstallationMethods for other ways to enable Flash. === Flash for AMD64 and PPC === "For those of us with 64-bit processors (or Mac) there is no non-free flash implementation available because the manufacturer does not support them. However, there are two free implementations. One is '''gplflash''' and the other is '''swfdec'''. There is also '''gplflash2''' in development that aims to be the proper free, open source replacement for all the platforms. While you can install them using apt-get, they tend not to work very well and are unstable, so that option is not great. Better to install one of them (I recommend gplflash) manually." If you are determined, another option is to install a i386 ubuntu in a DebootstrapChroot and launch your browser with flash plugin from there. ==== gplflash from Ubuntu ==== To install '''gplflash''', [:AddingRepositoriesHowto:enable the universe repository] and, in a terminal, type: {{{ sudo apt-get install libflash-mozplugin }}} ==== compiling gplflash ==== Since the gplflash in Ubuntu can be unstable, a better method is to compile it from source. To do this, first install some needed support packages by typing: {{{ sudo apt-get install libx11-dev xlibs-dev libmad0-dev libjpeg-dev }}} Then, get the gplflash source and compile and install it by typing : {{{ wget -c http://mirror.optusnet.com.au/sourceforge/g/gp/gplflash/gplflash-0.4.13.tar.bz2 tar xvjf gplflash-0.4.13.tar.bz2 cd gplflash-0.4.13 ./configure --with-plugin-dir=/usr/lib/mozilla/plugins/ make sudo make install }}} When you restart your web browser you should have a working, stable flash plugin. === Flash Issues === ==== Possible Sound Fixes ==== After Flash is installed, if the sound is not working properly, try typing the following in a terminal: {{{ sudo ln -s /usr/lib/libesd.so.0 /usr/lib/libesd.so.1 }}} A different try: create '''~/.mozilla/firefox/rc''' with the line '''FIREFOX_DSP="none"'''. ==== Possible Video Fixes ==== If you use an '''Intel 855GM''' video card, ensure you set the X server colour depth to 24 bits, otherwise you will probably experience Firefox crashes. You may need to install the '''gsfonts-x11''' package for flash to properly display fonts. == AAC and iTunes Music Store == === AAC decoding === The default audio format used by Apple's iTunes and iPod is AAC. This is a variant of the MPEG standard, and as such has patent issues. However, you can listen to AAC files in '''rhythmbox''' or '''amarok''' by installing '''gstreamer0.8-faad'''. You will need this for listening to any AAC file, including those bought from the iTunes Music Store (see below for more info on using the music store on Linux). Warning: songs purchased from the iTunes music store (.m4p) are encrypted and will not just play using '''gstreamer0.8-faad'''. You will need to decrypt them first. === AAC encoding: === FAAC can be used to encode AACs, although this is somewhat experimental compared to MP3 encoding at this point. For encoding programs which use gstreamer, there is a gstreamer plugin called '''gstreamer0.8-faac'''. However, this currently is problematic, and does not produce usable AAC files, though this may change in the future. For other programs, you may be able to utilize FAAC directly to encode to AACs - just install the "faac" package. You can make iPod-compatible AACs this way, but this requires some additional configuration in your CD ripping utility. === iTunes Music Store === |
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| First of all, you can use CodeWeavers CrossOver Office (available at http://www.codeweavers.com) to install the Windows version of iTunes on Ubuntu. This will allow you to buy iTunes songs on Linux and listen to them. However, the main caveats of this approach is that 1) it costs money 2) it is not a fully Linux-native solution. As an alternative to using CrossOver, there is a new, Free program called PyMusique which allows basic usage of the iTunes Music Store on Linux. This works better than using iTunes on CrossOver, but PyMusique has less features than the official iTunes client at this point and may be in violation of the iTunes Music Store terms of service. To use this on Ubuntu, first install gstreamer0.8-faad (from HOARY-EXTRAS) and libmcrypt4 (from UNIVERSE). Then, go to http://fuware.nanocrew.net/pymusique/ or a mirror (google "pymusique 0.4" for mirrors) and download the pymusique, python2.4-mcrypt, python2.4-vlc, and python2.4-mp4ff packages. Finally, install all the packages you downloaded from the above website. You can now launch PyMusique from the Applications-Internet menu, and purchase songs (although you may have to restart your system for this to work). == 8. DVD-Video == Non encrypted !DVDs should play, however be aware that mpeg2 is somewhat patent encumbered and is not shipped on the !CDs (though is in 'main') Full DVD-Video support requires support of the Content Scrambling System (CSS). Though the encryption is weak, using libdvdcss to avoid this is classed as a 'circumvention device' and is such illegal in the United States and some other Jurisdictions. However, as you can read at [http://www.csd.net/~cgadd/dvd.htm the DeCSS information page], in most European countries, DVD backup is legal. In fact, you can backup anything that you own in, eg. Norway, Sweden, etc. If you do not require compatibility with a DVD player, consider encoding your videos in [http://www.theora.org/ Ogg Theora]. If you would like full DVD support, run the following script: /usr/share/doc/libdvdread3/examples/install-css.sh . Then, install the DVD playing software of your choice (xine-ui from universe is good). If your video playback software (e.g. Xine, MPlayer, Totem, etc.) locks up when attempting to access a DVD, you will need to: (1) Install regionset; and (2) Run regionset WITH a DVD in your drive. If DVD playback is jerky or you notice optical data transfer (i.e burning a CD/DVD) is slower than it should be then you need to enable DMA transfer for that drive by editing the file: /etc/hdparm.conf You will need to know the device name of your DVD drive (e.g /dev/hdc) and then enable DMA with the 'dma = on' command. Then, either reboot or run the following command: {{{ sudo /sbin/hdparm -d 1 /dev/hdc }}} (where your DVD drive is hdc) (I think some players access your DVD from the device /dev/dvd. I had to enable DMA on that too before my video became smooth.) You should now be able to play DVD's smoothly with the correct software. == 9. !DivX / !XviD, other MPEG-4 variants, and miscellaneous proprietary video formats == These formats are patent-encumbered. If you do not require compatibility with MPEG-4 players, consider [http://www.theora.org/ Ogg Theora] **Note:** these are unsupported and may be illegal in your jurisdiction, we in no way endorse the use of these packages. === 9.1 Mplayer: === MPlayer is a movie player for Linux (runs on many other Unices, and non-x86 CPUs, see the documentation). It plays most MPEG, VOB, AVI, Ogg/OGM, VIVO, ASF/WMA/WMV, QT/MOV/MP4, FLI, RM, NuppelVideo, YUV4MPEG, FILM, RoQ, PVA files, supported by many native, XAnim, and Win32 DLL codecs. You can watch VideoCD, SVCD, DVD, 3ivx, DivX 3/4/5 and even WMV movies, too (without the avifile library). [http://www.mplayerhq.hu/homepage/design7/news.html Homepage]. Choose between the various packages as follows (all are from UNIVERSE): Depending on your cpu: 386s and 486s should use mplayer-386; Intel Pentiums and newer should use mplayer-586; AMD Athlons and newer may use mplayer-k6 (find your cpu using "uname -m" in a Terminal). The following packages may optionally be installed: mplayer-fonts mozilla-mplayer mplayer-doc (optional) The "mixer" setting may need to be changed to avoid errors during playback. Right click on the MPlayer screen, select Preferences and then select the Audio tab. Select OSS (or your mixer if you use a different one) from the types and OK everything (accepting the default mixer location etc). == 9.2. Other codecs == Not all mpgs are created equal. If you are getting sound but no video with some mpgs, you probably need the ffmpeg libraries. {{{ gstreamer0.8-ffmpeg (from UNIVERSE) }}} Additionally, other codecs may be required for various formats. Some of these can be found on the Mplayer home page at http://www.mplayerhq.hu and on various apt repositories around the web, but note that many of these may not be legally used or distributed. == 10. Real Player == RealPlayer is a multimedia player for Linux which allows you to view RealAudio, RealVideo, and other content. RealPlayer is good for listening to BBC Radio, among otherthings. === 10.1 RealPlayer on x86 === You are required to manually download Realplayer from [http://www.real.com/linux/ here]. Once it is downloaded, move it to your home folder (if its not there already), then open up a terminal and type {{{ chmod u+x RealPlayer10GOLD.bin sudo ./RealPlayer10GOLD.bin }}} You are then prompted for an installation directory. I chose {{{ /opt/realplayer }}} Answer yes to creating symbolic links, and let it use the default directory. Realplayer should now be in your Gnome menu, under the Sound&Video section. To install the firefox plugins, run realplayer from the gnome menu. You will be asked to agree to a licence (this is free as in beer, not free as in speech). The you will be asked if you want to check for updates and configure mozilla helpers, check both and click ok. Now head over to [http://www.bbc.co.uk/radio/] and you should be able to listen. === 10.1 Real Player for PPC === To install Realplayer on PPC, download the Experimental build installer from [https://player.helixcommunity.org/2004/downloads/ Helix] make the file executable (chmod 770) and execute (./realplayer-xxxxxx.bin) Answer the questions and Realplayer should work by executing /path-to-Realplayer-directory/realplayer. To make life easier add an alias in your .bashrc (ie alias = '/path-to-Realplayer-directory/./realplayer&') or create a soft link to /usr/local/bin (sudo ln -s /path-to-Realplayer-directory/realplayer /usr/local/bin/). === 10.2 Real Player issues === 1. If realplayer doesn't immediately work, go to the realplayer install directory and remove the swf plugins. For some reason, it works perfectly most of the time after you do this. If you still have problems, it may be the way that your soundcard handles esd. Go on to 2. (Keith Bassett) 2. If you have trouble hearing any sound in realplayer, change the `auto_spawn` item in /etc/esound/esd.conf from its default setting of 0 to 1. From OzOnE Fri May 13 04:51:57 +0100 2005 From: OzOnE Date: Fri, 13 May 2005 04:51:57 +0100 Subject: RealPlayer Issues Continued... Message-ID: <20050513045157+0100@https://www.ubuntulinux.org> After 10.2 if realplayer doesnt start then in Hoary go to system ->preferences ->sound uncheck the box that says Enable Sound Server Startup. it worked.. but you won't get the fancy sound when you start your ubuntu via : http://www.linuxforums.org/forum/topic-32811.html PS: This happened to me. Dunno why? - Actually, you can fix RealPlayer without disabling ESD. Follow the instructions in this post: http://ubuntuforums.org/showpost.php?p=80282&postcount=21 and Real will output OSS through ALSA, fixing the conflict problem. 24.05.05 Re-added Section 2.2 Hoary-extras (backports) someone removed it. Don't understand why some destroys others' work. - For section 6.2.1.1: make sure to check the "active" box on {{{gnome-audio-profiles-properties}}} |
First of all, you can use CodeWeavers CrossOver Office (available at http://www.codeweavers.com) to install the Windows version of iTunes on Ubuntu. This will allow you to buy iTunes songs on Linux and listen to them. However, the main caveats of this approach are that 1) it costs money 2) it is not a fully Linux-native solution. As an alternative to using CrossOver, there is a new, Free program called PyMusique which allows basic usage of the iTunes Music Store on Linux. This works better than using iTunes on CrossOver, but PyMusique has fewer features than the official iTunes client at this point and may be in violation of the iTunes Music Store terms of service. To use this on Ubuntu, first install gstreamer0.8-faad and libmcrypt4. Then, go to http://fuware.nanocrew.net/pymusique/ or a mirror (google "pymusique 0.4" for mirrors) and download the pymusique, python2.4-mcrypt, python2.4-vlc, and python2.4-mp4ff packages. Finally, install all the packages you downloaded from the above website. You can now launch PyMusique from the Applications-Internet menu, and purchase songs (although you may have to restart your system for this to work). PyMusique has been superceded by SharpMusique, available from http://www.nanocrew.net/software/sharpmusique/. It is available as a .deb for Breezy Badger and allows you to preview songs, signup for an account, buy songs and albums, redownload songs that you bought, and more. = Getting Java = For Ubuntu 5.10 (breezy), the easiest method is to use the Blackdown Java 1.4 installer from Multiverse. To install Java with the installer, just do: {{{ sudo apt-get install j2re1.4 }}} Ubuntu PPC, please see: ["JavaPPC"]. Ubuntu AMD64, please see: ["JavaAMD64"]. == Sun Java == The alternative method which will get you the latest version from Sun and also works better for most applications is to install the Sun version of Java. Sun's implementation of Java and Java plugin for browsers is also non-free. Free Java is in active development and will be the preferred choice in the future also as a browser plugin (currently it is used in some programs like OpenOffice.org). Meanwhile, if you require Java support you have to install Sun's Java, assuming they happen to support your platform. Go to http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.5.0/download.jsp and click on “'''Download JRE 5.0 Update 5'''”. Ensure you do not choose the link with the NetBeans bundle or "J2EE 1.4". You must first accept the licence, then click on “'''Linux self-extracting file'''” (jre-1_5_0_05-linux-i586.bin). Save this file to your hard drive. Make the downloaded file executable. At the command line, change to the directory where you downloaded the file, and type {{{ chmod +x jre-1_5_0_05-linux-i586.bin }}} Install the java-package and java-common, as well as fakeroot (which allows a non-root user to create the package derived from Sun's bin file): {{{ sudo apt-get install fakeroot java-package java-common }}} If you get an error when installing java-package, you need to enable the multiverse repository (see ["AddingRepositoriesHowto"]). To install the JRE, type the lines below: {{{ fakeroot make-jpkg jre-1_5_0_05-linux-i586.bin sudo dpkg -i sun-j2re1.5_1.5.0+update05_i386.deb }}} If you get an error similar to this: {{{ Loading plugins: blackdown-j2re.sh blackdown-j2sdk.sh common.sh ibm-j2re.sh ibm-j2sdk.sh j2re.sh j2sdk.sh j2se.sh sun-j2re.sh sun-j2sdk.sh No matching plugin was found. }}} Try {{{ DEB_BUILD_GNU_TYPE=i386-linux fakeroot make-jpkg jre-1_5_0_03-linux-i586.bin }}} or similar command if you are not using i386 architecture. make-jpkg translates Sun's bin file into a debian package. Then dpkg installs that package. === Sun Java SDK (Software Development Kit) === The same procedure can also be used to install Sun's Java SDK instead of just the runtime environment (JRE). Just choose "'''Download JDK 5.0 Update 5'''" when downloading the package from Sun, and replace the file name with '''jdk-1_5_0_05-linux-i586.bin''' == Selecting the default Java version == If you are running Breezy, you need to tell Ubuntu to use Sun Java instead of the open source GIJ included with it. Run: {{{ sudo update-alternatives --config java }}} and select it from the list. == Java on Mozilla Firefox == Installing Java without following the previous steps does not alert Firefox to its presence. If you simply executed the .bin file you downloaded, you will need to tell Firefox or Mozilla where to find the plugin library: If you do not have a .mozilla/plugins directory in your home directory, create one. {{{ mkdir -p /home/username/.mozilla/plugins }}} Then {{{ cd /home/username/.mozilla/plugins ln -s /usr/lib/j2re1.5-sun/plugin/i386/ns7-gcc29/libjavaplugin_oji.so libjavaplugin_oji.so sudo ln -s /usr/lib/j2re1.5-sun/plugin/i386/ns7-gcc29/libjavaplugin_oji.so /usr/lib/mozilla-firefox/plugins/ }}} You can skip these steps if you used the make-jpkg command. If you have downloaded more than one, you need to modify the command to be more specific. ==Java on x86_64 enabled computers== Unfortunately, the sun java for 64-bit pc's down't work very well yet, so we'll use the blackdown implementation of java, which is as good in my experience. To do so, simply type: {{{ sudo apt-get install j2re1.4 j2re1.4-mozilla-plugin }}} Afterwards restart firefox and you should have a working java plugin. |
ContentsBRTableOfContents |
Certain kinds of files have legal restrictions on playback and thus you must enable support for these formats after installation. This page will walk you through the most popular types of files.
Disclaimer and Legal Notice
Some of the packages listed here may be illegal in your country. Use at your own risk.
If at all possible, please use FreeFormats as they are supported by Ubuntu.
Before You Start
Nearly all the applications and packages mentioned on this page are found in the universe and multiverse repositories. See AddingRepositoriesHowto for instructions on enabling the universe and multiverse repositories.
Some additional packages are found in repositories not controlled Ubuntu. Please do not file bugs about these specific packages.
Additionally, you must have administration privileges to install packages. RootSudo explains how Ubuntu provides the necessary privileges.
Playing Non-Free Media
Media Players provided by Ubuntu
Ubuntu supports ["Totem"] (a movie player) and ["Rhythmbox"] (a music player); Kubuntu includes ["Kaffeine"] and ["Amarok"]. These applications play free formats (ogg vorbis, ogg theora, and the like) 'out of the box'. However, they can also play most non-free media formats if you install some additional packages.
If you live in a country where it is legal to play MP3s and other non-free media formats without a license, [:AddingRepositoriesHowto: enable the universe and multiverse repositories], and install the support packages by typing in a terminal: {{{ sudo apt-get install gstreamer0.8-plugins gstreamer0.8-plugins-multiverse gstreamer0.8-ffmpeg }}}
Other Movie Players
MultimediaApplications describes the most popular media players provided in Ubuntu, including the above.
Other popular movie players include ["VLC"], [:InstallingMplayer:Mplayer], ["Xine-ui"] and ["Totem-xine"] (a more capable version of totem). vlc plays most non-free movie formats natively. Playing non-free movies in mplayer, xine-ui and totem-xine requires a package that is not available from the Ubuntu repositories, the w32codecs. (Unfortunately, the w32codecs are generally not useable on the PPC or AMD64 versions of Ubuntu.)
The Codecs
"The Codecs" support playing MPEG-1, -2 & -4, DivX, Quicktime, Real Media 8 & 9, Windows Media Video 9 and many other formats.
If you live in a country where it is legal to use the codecs, use your web browser to download the file [ftp://ftp.nerim.net/debian-marillat/pool/main/w/w32codecs/w32codecs_20050412-0.0_i386.deb w32codecs_20050412-0.0_i386.deb] to your Desktop, and, in a terminal, type:
cd ~/Desktop sudo dpkg -i w32codecs_20050412-0.0_i386.deb
Playing DVD's
Most commercial DVDs are encrypted with CSS (the Content Scrambling System). The movie players provided in Ubuntu are capable of reading DVDs that are not encrypted. If it is legal for you to circumvent CSS, then you can enable reading encrypted DVDs in vlc, mplayer, xine and totem-xine by installing libdvdcss2. Type in a terminal:
sudo apt-get install libdvdread3 sudo /usr/share/doc/libdvdread3/examples/install-css.sh
See LibdvdcssInstallationMethods for other ways to install libdvdcss.
DVD Issues
DVD Lockup
If your movie player locks up when attempting to access a DVD, you will need to place a DVD movie in your DVD drive, then do the following:
sudo apt-get install regionset regionset
Alternatively, you can do this without a DVD in your drive if you know your region number. Be warned the software claims you can only change regions 4 times, so that the effects of this procedure are irreversible and may render your drive permanently unable to read DVDs encoded for a particular region.
Jerky Playback
If DVD playback is jerky or you notice optical data transfer (i.e burning a CD/DVD) is slower than it should be, then you need to enable DMA transfer for that drive. See the ["DMA"] page for details.
RealPlayer
To install RealPlayer 10, use your browser to download the package [ftp://ftp.nerim.net/debian-marillat/pool/main/r/realplay/realplayer_10.0.6-0.0_i386.deb realplayer_10.0.6-0.0_i386.deb] to your Desktop, and install it (along with a support package needed by RealPlayer) by typing in a terminal:
cd ~/Desktop sudo apt-get install libstdc++5 sudo dpkg -i realplayer_10.0.6-0.0_i386.deb
See RealplayerInstallationMethods for other ways to install RealPlayer.
Most of Real's non-free media formats can also be played by mplayer, xine, and totem-xine when the w32codecs are installed.
Smil
Use the File Manager to navigate to a folder containing a Smil file. Click the file with the right mouse button, select Properties, and then the tab Open With. Click the radio button next to RealPlayer 10, and close the dialog window.
RealMedia
If you want RealPlayer to be the default application to open RealMedia files, use the File Manager to navigate to a folder containing a RealMedia file. Click the file with the right mouse button, select Properties, and then the tab Open With. Click the radio button next to RealPlayer 10, and close the dialog window.
Macromedia Flash
Macromedia's Flash Player is only available for i386 based machines, and Shock Wave is not available at all. There are projects that are attempting to provide free support for Flash, and currently they are the only way to get Flash support for the PPC and AMD64 distributions of Ubuntu.
Flash can be problematic, so if you have problems (and solutions), read Flash Issues below.
Flash for i386
To add Flash Player support for konqueror, mozilla, firefox, epiphany and other browsers, [:AddingRepositoriesHowto:enable the multiverse repository] and, in a terminal, type:
for Ubuntu 5.04 (Hoary)
sudo apt-get install flashplugin-nonfree
for Ubuntu 5.10 (Breezy)
sudo apt-get install flashplayer-mozilla
See FlashPlayerInstallationMethods for other ways to enable Flash.
Flash for AMD64 and PPC
"For those of us with 64-bit processors (or Mac) there is no non-free flash implementation available because the manufacturer does not support them. However, there are two free implementations. One is gplflash and the other is swfdec. There is also gplflash2 in development that aims to be the proper free, open source replacement for all the platforms. While you can install them using apt-get, they tend not to work very well and are unstable, so that option is not great. Better to install one of them (I recommend gplflash) manually." If you are determined, another option is to install a i386 ubuntu in a DebootstrapChroot and launch your browser with flash plugin from there.
gplflash from Ubuntu
To install gplflash, [:AddingRepositoriesHowto:enable the universe repository] and, in a terminal, type:
sudo apt-get install libflash-mozplugin
compiling gplflash
Since the gplflash in Ubuntu can be unstable, a better method is to compile it from source. To do this, first install some needed support packages by typing:
sudo apt-get install libx11-dev xlibs-dev libmad0-dev libjpeg-dev
Then, get the gplflash source and compile and install it by typing :
wget -c http://mirror.optusnet.com.au/sourceforge/g/gp/gplflash/gplflash-0.4.13.tar.bz2 tar xvjf gplflash-0.4.13.tar.bz2 cd gplflash-0.4.13 ./configure --with-plugin-dir=/usr/lib/mozilla/plugins/ make sudo make install
When you restart your web browser you should have a working, stable flash plugin.
Flash Issues
Possible Sound Fixes
After Flash is installed, if the sound is not working properly, try typing the following in a terminal:
sudo ln -s /usr/lib/libesd.so.0 /usr/lib/libesd.so.1
A different try: create ~/.mozilla/firefox/rc with the line FIREFOX_DSP="none".
Possible Video Fixes
If you use an Intel 855GM video card, ensure you set the X server colour depth to 24 bits, otherwise you will probably experience Firefox crashes.
You may need to install the gsfonts-x11 package for flash to properly display fonts.
AAC and iTunes Music Store
AAC decoding
The default audio format used by Apple's iTunes and iPod is AAC. This is a variant of the MPEG standard, and as such has patent issues. However, you can listen to AAC files in rhythmbox or amarok by installing gstreamer0.8-faad. You will need this for listening to any AAC file, including those bought from the iTunes Music Store (see below for more info on using the music store on Linux). Warning: songs purchased from the iTunes music store (.m4p) are encrypted and will not just play using gstreamer0.8-faad. You will need to decrypt them first.
AAC encoding:
FAAC can be used to encode AACs, although this is somewhat experimental compared to MP3 encoding at this point. For encoding programs which use gstreamer, there is a gstreamer plugin called gstreamer0.8-faac. However, this currently is problematic, and does not produce usable AAC files, though this may change in the future.
For other programs, you may be able to utilize FAAC directly to encode to AACs - just install the "faac" package. You can make iPod-compatible AACs this way, but this requires some additional configuration in your CD ripping utility.
iTunes Music Store
Apple's iTunes Music Store sells music online with a large selection of artists. Songs are in 128K AAC format, and cost varies by country. Apple only has Mac and Windows clients, but it also can be used on Linux. There are two different methods by which this can be done.
First of all, you can use CodeWeavers CrossOver Office (available at http://www.codeweavers.com) to install the Windows version of iTunes on Ubuntu. This will allow you to buy iTunes songs on Linux and listen to them. However, the main caveats of this approach are that 1) it costs money 2) it is not a fully Linux-native solution.
As an alternative to using CrossOver, there is a new, Free program called PyMusique which allows basic usage of the iTunes Music Store on Linux. This works better than using iTunes on CrossOver, but PyMusique has fewer features than the official iTunes client at this point and may be in violation of the iTunes Music Store terms of service. To use this on Ubuntu, first install gstreamer0.8-faad and libmcrypt4. Then, go to http://fuware.nanocrew.net/pymusique/ or a mirror (google "pymusique 0.4" for mirrors) and download the pymusique, python2.4-mcrypt, python2.4-vlc, and python2.4-mp4ff packages. Finally, install all the packages you downloaded from the above website. You can now launch PyMusique from the Applications-Internet menu, and purchase songs (although you may have to restart your system for this to work).
PyMusique has been superceded by SharpMusique, available from http://www.nanocrew.net/software/sharpmusique/. It is available as a .deb for Breezy Badger and allows you to preview songs, signup for an account, buy songs and albums, redownload songs that you bought, and more.
Getting Java
For Ubuntu 5.10 (breezy), the easiest method is to use the Blackdown Java 1.4 installer from Multiverse. To install Java with the installer, just do:
sudo apt-get install j2re1.4
Ubuntu PPC, please see: ["JavaPPC"]. Ubuntu AMD64, please see: ["JavaAMD64"].
Sun Java
The alternative method which will get you the latest version from Sun and also works better for most applications is to install the Sun version of Java. Sun's implementation of Java and Java plugin for browsers is also non-free. Free Java is in active development and will be the preferred choice in the future also as a browser plugin (currently it is used in some programs like OpenOffice.org). Meanwhile, if you require Java support you have to install Sun's Java, assuming they happen to support your platform.
Go to http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.5.0/download.jsp and click on “Download JRE 5.0 Update 5”. Ensure you do not choose the link with the NetBeans bundle or "J2EE 1.4".
You must first accept the licence, then click on “Linux self-extracting file” (jre-1_5_0_05-linux-i586.bin). Save this file to your hard drive.
Make the downloaded file executable. At the command line, change to the directory where you downloaded the file, and type
chmod +x jre-1_5_0_05-linux-i586.bin
Install the java-package and java-common, as well as fakeroot (which allows a non-root user to create the package derived from Sun's bin file):
sudo apt-get install fakeroot java-package java-common
If you get an error when installing java-package, you need to enable the multiverse repository (see ["AddingRepositoriesHowto"]).
To install the JRE, type the lines below:
fakeroot make-jpkg jre-1_5_0_05-linux-i586.bin sudo dpkg -i sun-j2re1.5_1.5.0+update05_i386.deb
If you get an error similar to this:
Loading plugins: blackdown-j2re.sh blackdown-j2sdk.sh common.sh ibm-j2re.sh ibm-j2sdk.sh j2re.sh j2sdk.sh j2se.sh sun-j2re.sh sun-j2sdk.sh No matching plugin was found.
Try
DEB_BUILD_GNU_TYPE=i386-linux fakeroot make-jpkg jre-1_5_0_03-linux-i586.bin
or similar command if you are not using i386 architecture.
make-jpkg translates Sun's bin file into a debian package. Then dpkg installs that package.
Sun Java SDK (Software Development Kit)
The same procedure can also be used to install Sun's Java SDK instead of just the runtime environment (JRE). Just choose "Download JDK 5.0 Update 5" when downloading the package from Sun, and replace the file name with jdk-1_5_0_05-linux-i586.bin
Selecting the default Java version
If you are running Breezy, you need to tell Ubuntu to use Sun Java instead of the open source GIJ included with it. Run:
sudo update-alternatives --config java
and select it from the list.
Java on Mozilla Firefox
Installing Java without following the previous steps does not alert Firefox to its presence. If you simply executed the .bin file you downloaded, you will need to tell Firefox or Mozilla where to find the plugin library:
If you do not have a .mozilla/plugins directory in your home directory, create one.
mkdir -p /home/username/.mozilla/plugins
Then
cd /home/username/.mozilla/plugins ln -s /usr/lib/j2re1.5-sun/plugin/i386/ns7-gcc29/libjavaplugin_oji.so libjavaplugin_oji.so sudo ln -s /usr/lib/j2re1.5-sun/plugin/i386/ns7-gcc29/libjavaplugin_oji.so /usr/lib/mozilla-firefox/plugins/
You can skip these steps if you used the make-jpkg command.
If you have downloaded more than one, you need to modify the command to be more specific.
==Java on x86_64 enabled computers==
Unfortunately, the sun java for 64-bit pc's down't work very well yet, so we'll use the blackdown implementation of java, which is as good in my experience. To do so, simply type:
sudo apt-get install j2re1.4 j2re1.4-mozilla-plugin
Afterwards restart firefox and you should have a working java plugin.
RestrictedFormats (last edited 2008-08-06 16:22:52 by localhost)